1. RECONSTRUCTING THE SOUTH AP United States History Mr. Sandford

2. What needed to be done? Restore the 11 Confederate States positions in the Union. Ensure that these returning states were going to remain loyal. Determine the roles of the freed saves in the south. Repair the economic structure of the devastated south.

3. Who had a “stake”? Factory Owners Small Farmers Plantation Owners Former Slaves Abolitionists Radical Republicans Confederate Leaders Western Settlers

4. Lincoln’s Plan Re-unite the country as fast as possible. South had to abolish slavery Provisions to start colonies of former slaves in Africa. Amnesty for many soldiers and military leaders. 10% plan. All states allowed back in if 10% of population gave allegiance to the Constitution.

5. The Opposition -- The Radical Republicans They felt that the South caused the death and the destruction and should be made to pay for their actions. All Military leaders should be made to pay and that they would lose all power in the “new” south. They argued that the Southern states “gave-up” being states and should have to jump through hoops to return! They sough to punish the everyone in the South. They promoted harsh measures.

6. Radical Republicans All States ruled by the military until all new laws were put into affect. Write new Constitutions. All free-men would be “citizens”. All African-Americans could vote. Former Confederate leaders have no say in new government. All plantations dived up and free land given to ex-slaves. All African-Americans would be citizens! Pass 3 new amendments 13 – slavery illegal 14 – black male citizenship 15 – black male voting rights

7. Southern View Saw African-Americans as adversaries. All of their “new” rights took rights away from whites. Saw the new laws as an “invasion” They changed focus….No Slavery but NO equality! KKK, Black Codes, etc.

8. Rad. Rep – Wade-Davis Bill Sen. Ben Wade and Rep. Henry Davis passed a very harsh Bill. Required 50% of total voters to support Constitution. All Ex-Confederates not involved. State Constitutions – no slavery federal government to pay off debt. Lincoln did not sign bill – Pocket Veto

9. Assassination Booth ruins South Lincoln was assassinated on April 14, 1865. Good Friday Historians argue that if he had not died things would have been totally different in terms of reconstruction. HOW?

10. President Johnson’s Plan Leaders made decisions to leave the South, not the people. Wanted to be lenient on the South, he agreed with Lincoln. The people should not be punished… Only difference was where he was from….

11. Johnson's Plan Re-unite Quickly – best interest of the country. Write new Constitutions – no slavery. Cancel all Confederate Debts. Approve the 13 th Amendment. Once back in Union Southern States could run themselves – No military. African-Americans should be guaranteed equal rights only if the states want to. Federal Government should not force states to “take-care” of ex-slaves. Ex-slaves should not be allowed to vote. Only certain people should vote – educated!