1. 1 Advanced Network Architectures Yasaman Motakef (ymotakef@mehr.sharif.edu)

2. 2 Overview: IP Forwarding Architectures Switched Forwarding Classical IP Over ATM (CLIP) LAN Emulation (LANE) Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP) Multi Protocol Over ATM (MPOA) Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)

3. 3 IP Forwarding Architectures

4. 4 Switched Forwarding Overlay Model CLIP (Classical IP Over ATM) MPOA (Multi Protocol Over ATM) Peer Model MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching)

5. 5 Classical IP Over ATM (CLIP)

6. 6 Classical IP Over ATM Model

7. 7 LAN Emulation (LANE)

8. 8 Legacy LAN and LANE Protocol Stacks

9. 9 LANE Components LEC (LAN Emulation Client) LES (LAN Emulation Server) BUS (Broadcast and Unknown Server) LECS (LAN Emulation Configuration Server)

10. 10 LANE Configuration

11. 11 Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP)

12. 12 NHRP Components NHC (Next Hop Client) NHS (Next Hop Server)

13. 13 NHRP and CLIP Compared

14. 14 While waiting for the NHRP resolution reply, S has three options: 1. Drop the data packet. 2. Retain the packet until the reply comes back. 3. Forward the packet along the routed path toward node D.

15. 15 Multi Protocol Over ATM (MPOA)

16. 16 MPOA Components ED (Edge Devices) MPC (MPOA Client) MPS (MPOA Server)

17. 17 Example of Network Topology

18. 18 Request Process

19. 19 Reply Process

20. 20 Data Transfer Through Shortcut VCC

21. 21 Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)

22. 22 Label Switching Provides: Low-cost hardware implementation. Scalability to very high speeds. Flexibility in the management of traffic flows.

23. 23 MPLS Separates Control and Forwarding Components

24. 24 Fundamentals of Labels A label identifies a virtual circuit between two neighboring LSRs. The meaning of a label is significant only between the two neighboring LSRs.

25. 25 A sequence of LSRs that is to be followed by a packet is called a label- switched path (LSP). A group of packets that are forwarded in the same manner are said to belong to the same forwarding equivalence class(FEC). Fundamentals of Labels cntd.

26. 26 MPLS labels in ATM and PPP/LAN

27. 27 Label Assignment Process Control traffic: Topology driven label assignment. Request driven label assignment. Data traffic: Traffic-driven label assignment.

28. 28 Label Stack

29. 29 VC Merging

30. 30 Output streams for VC merging and non-VC merging

31. 31 Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) Downstream-on-demand mode

32. 32 Explicit Routing for Traffic Engineering

33. 33 MPLS Support for Virtual Networks MPLS allows service providers to configure LSPs to create virtual networks that support particular classes of traffic flows. MPLS can also be used to create Virtual Private Networks (VPNs).

34. 34 Thanks for notice.