1. © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 1 Chapter 12: Advanced Troubleshooting IT Essentials v5.0

2. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 2 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Chapter 12 Objectives  12.0 Identify and practice advanced skills in troubleshooting techniques and diagnostic methods.  12.1 Identify and apply the steps of the troubleshooting process to solve Computer Components and Peripherals issues.  12.2 Identify and apply the steps of the troubleshooting process to solve Operating System issues.  12.3 Identify and apply the steps of the troubleshooting process to solve Network issues.  12.4 Identify and apply the steps of the troubleshooting process to solve Laptop issues.  12.5 Identify and apply the steps of the troubleshooting process to solve Printer issues.  12.6 Identify and apply the steps of the troubleshooting process to solve Security issues.

3. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 3 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Computer Components and Peripherals  Step 1 - Identify the Problem  Step 2 - Establish a Theory of Probable Cause  Step 3 - Test the Theory to Determine cause  Step 4 - Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution  Step 5 - Verify Full System Functionality and Implement Preventative Measures  Step 6 - Document Findings, Actions, and Outcomes

4. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 4 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Computer Components and Peripherals Step 1 – Identify the Problem. Step 4 – Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and implement the solution. Step 2 – Establish a Theory of Probable Cause. Step 3 – Test the Theory to Determine Cause. Step 5 – Verify Full System Functionality and, if applicable, Implement Preventive Measures. Step 6 – Document Findings, Actions and Outcomes.

5. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 5 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public CPU Upgrade  Once you install new CPU, Bios need to be upgrade.  Install new PATA Harddrive Jumper has to be configured

6. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 6 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Operating Systems Step 1 – Identify the Problem.Step 2 – Establish a Theory of Probable Cause.

7. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 7 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Operating Systems (Continued) Step 4 – Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution. Step 3 – Test the Theory to Determine Cause. Step 5 – Verify Full System Functionality and, if applicable, Implement Preventive Measures. Step 6 – Document Findings, Actions and Outcomes. Missing “NTLDR” = Boot ini damaged or boot order not set correctly in BIOS MBR has changed= Boot sector virus altered the master boot record

8. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 8 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Common Problems and Solutions for Operating Systems  Operating system problems can be attributed to hardware, software, network, or some combination of the three.  A stop error is a hardware or software malfunction that causes the system to lock up, for example: The Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) appears when the system is unable to recover from an error.  The Event Log and other diagnostic utilities are available to research a stop error or BSOD error.  If constant restart and cannot see Error  Restart using F8 in safe mode/ disable auto restart  Run chkdisk f/r from recovery console

9. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 9 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Computer locks without error message CPU has a virus Update corrupted the operating system Run bootec/fixboot bootrec/fixmbr to fix corrupt Master boot record

10. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 10 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Networks Step 1 – Identify the Problem.Step 2 – Establish a Theory of Probable Cause.

11. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 11 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Networks Step 3 – Test the Theory to Determine Cause. Step 5 – Verify Full System Functionality and, if applicable, Implement Preventive Measures. Step 6 – Document Findings, Actions and Outcomes. Step 4 – Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution.

12. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 12 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Common Problems and Solutions for Networks Problems  Network problems can be attributed to hardware, software, network, or some combination of the three.  Network Connection Problems: Often caused by incorrect TCP/IP configurations, firewall settings, or failed devices. 169.254.x.x DHCP not operating  Email Failure: Often caused by incorrect email software settings, firewall settings, or hardware connectivity issues.  FTP and Secure Internet Connection Problems: Often caused by incorrect IP address, port setting, or security policy.  Firewall can be set to block ping request.

13. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 13 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Common Problems and Solutions for Networks Problems  Wireless  Check the range to wireless router  Check for outside interference (microwave oven cordless phone)

14. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 14 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Laptops Step 1 – Identify the Problem.Step 2 – Establish a Theory of Probable Cause.

15. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 15 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Laptops (Continued) Step 3 – Test the Theory to Determine Cause. Step 5 – Verify Full System Functionality and, if applicable, Implement Preventive Measures. Step 6 – Document Findings, Actions and Outcomes. Step 4 – Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution.

16. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 16 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Dark display=power inverter or backlight needs to be replaced  Lcd Vertical lines that change color= lcd needs to be replaced

17. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 17 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Printers Step 1 – Identify the Problem.Step 2 – Establish a Theory of Probable Cause.

18. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 18 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Printers (continued) Step 3 – Test the Theory to Determine Cause. Step 5 – Verify Full System Functionality and, if applicable, Implement Preventive Measures. Step 6 – Document Findings, Actions and Outcomes. Step 4 – Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution. Smeared ink on laser printer = fuser damaged Check IP address, printers need static IP address and not DHCP address Radom Characters = wrong printer driver.

19. Laser Printers If out put is blank The drum is failing

20. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 20 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Security Step 1 – Identify the Problem.Step 2 – Establish a Theory of Probable Cause.

21. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 21 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Apply Troubleshooting Process to Security (Continued) Step 3 – Test the Theory to Determine Cause. Step 5 – Verify Full System Functionality and, if applicable, Implement Preventive Measures. Step 6 – Document Findings, Actions and Outcomes. Step 4 – Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution.

22. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 22 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Common Problems and Solutions for Security  Security problems can be attributed to hardware, software, network, or some combination of the three.  Malware Settings: Malware protection problems are often related to incorrect software settings or configurations.(Can HI jack email, and send out SPAM  User Accounts and Permissions: Unauthorized access or blocked access is often caused by incorrect user account settings or incorrect permissions.  Computer Security Problems: Can be caused by incorrect security settings in the BIOS or on the hard drive.  Firewall and Proxy Settings: Blocked connections to resources and the Internet are often related to incorrect firewall and proxy rules.  See Chart of Common Problems and Solutions in the curriculum.

23. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 23 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Chapter 12 Summary  This chapter described how to apply the six step troubleshooting process to advanced problems.  This chapter also presented advanced diagnostic questions to ask when gathering information about a computer hardware or software problem.  It described more advanced versions of common problems and solutions for Computer Components and Peripherals, Operating Systems, Networks, Laptops, Printers, and Security.  It explained techniques to troubleshoot more complex hardware and software problems.

24. ITE PC v4.1 Chapter 4 24 © 2007-2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public