1. February 2009Fabian Shirokov Semantic Web...... and how the Cultural Heritage domain can use it.

2. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov Aims of the presentation  To show you: What ‚semantic‘ web means What it looks like How to apply it in the Cultural Heritage domain

3. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov Usual homepage One word is bold Another word is italic

4. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov What does ‚semantic‘ mean?  To draw conclusions: Peter wants a Chihuahua. -Peter wants a dog. -A human wants an animal.  Find out the truth of a sentence: Peter is a Saarlaender. All Saarlaenders eat Schwenker. -Is „Peter eats Schwenker“ true?

5. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov R esource D escription F ramework: RDF  Everything has an internet address: http://www.mysite.de/peter http://www.mysite.de/want http://www.mysite.de/chihuahua  Everything is a ‚concept‘.

6. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov RDF – concepts are connected  Notation:.

7. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov RDF – concepts and sub-concepts  predefined relation: Notation:.

8. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov RDF – define ‚prefixes‘  Instead of writing you can define a prefix, e.g. ‚mysite:‘ Notation: @prefix mysite: http://www.mysite.de. mysite:peter mysite:wants mysite:chihuahua.

9. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov RDF – an example world @prefix rdf: http://www.rdf-site.com/. @prefix mysite: http://www.mysite.de/. mysite:peter mysite:wants mysite:chihuahua....

10. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov RDF in the Cultural Heritage domain?  Goal: to make Cultural Heritage data machine understandable  Ask questions like: Who has painted ‚Mona Lisa‘? Which pieces of art were produced by Leonardo Da Vinci? Which is the French word for ‚Virgin Mary‘?

11. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov Example: Applying RDF on museum data

12. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov Example: Applying RDF on museum data

13. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov Problem: each museum uses its own terminology  Each data base uses its own specified terminology, e.g. dm:wirdGenannt or ikon:hasName  Machines should need to understand only one terminology

14. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov Solution: a standardized terminology  If each data base used the same labels, our machines could learn to ‚understand‘ them.  But since they do not, we have to help ourselves... The labels of each data base need to be mapped to some standard labels

15. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov SKOS: a standardized terminology  ‚SKOS‘ (Simple Knowledge Organisation System): A standardized rdf-specification for knowledge representation

16. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov SKOS: a standardized terminology

17. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov Mapping other data to SKOS  Which concepts of different systems are actually the same concepts? e.g. ‚dm:wurdeGemalt‘ ‚ikon:hasPainter‘  Which new relations do occur? e.g. ‚xx:animal‘ ‚zz:hund‘

18. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov Remaining problem  There are algorithms, but their performance is not good enough The mapping still has to be done by hand

19. February 2009Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov Summary  You have seen: That Semantic Web data contains much more information than HTML What Semantic Web data looks like How the Cultural Heritage domain can use the Semantic Web and which limitations there are