1. Male Reproductive Tract Anatomy & Physiology
By Erma Safitri
Male Reproductive Tract Anatomy & Physiology

2. Learning Objectives
To be able to describe the male reproductive system in the bull.
Structure
Function

3. STRUCTURE : MAIN GENITAL ORGAN : GONAD / TESTES
TRACTUS REPRODUCTION : EPIDIDYMIS, VAS DEFERENS, AMPULA & URETHRA
ACCESORIES GLANDS : VESCICULARIS, PROSTATA & BULBO URETHRALIS (COWPER)
OUTER GENITALIA ORGAN : PENIS, PREPUTIUM & SCROTUM

4. Components
Scrotum
Testes
Duct system
Penis
Accessory glands

5. TESTES DIFFERENT BETWEEN SPECIES : PACKED IN SCROTUM SAC
MEASUREMENT
FORM
LOCATION
PACKED IN SCROTUM SAC
PACKED BY SHINE WHITE CAPSULE : TUNICA ALBUGINEA
THE GLANDS  TUBULUS FORMED

6. Warehouse and Delivery
Testis
Epididymis
Factory
1-25 X 109 sperm/day
“Plant” must be air conditioned
Finishing School
Fluid Absorption
8-25 X 109 sperm
membrane changes
nuclear & flagellar stabilization
motility, fertility
cytoplasmic droplet translocation
Penis
Delivery System
Erection
Protrusion
Ejaculation
Tail of Epididymis
Warehouse and Delivery
Storage X 109 sperm
Sperm for 5-10 ejaculates
Smooth muscle contractions upon sexual stimulation
Accessory Sex Glands
Alterations & Packaging
Metabolic substrates
Surface coatings
Transport for sperm

7. Bull Reproductive Tract

8. EPIDIDYMIS CONSIST OF : CAPUT, CORPUS & CAUDA
THE WALL : CIRCULAR MUSCLE
MEMBRANE

9. Epididymis Structure Caput Epididymis Corpus Epididymis
Cauda Epididymis

10. DUCTUS DEFERENS CONNECTED : EPIDIDIMIS - URETHRA
FUNICULUS SPERMATICUS/ CORDA SPERMATICA
Vas Deferens
Limfe
Blood Vessel
Nervous
AMPULA DUCTUS DEFERENS
BULL, STALLION, RAM, GOAT : +
DOG & CAT : -
BOAR : SMALL
COLLICULUS SEMINALIS : ORRIFICIUM

11. Vas Deferens Structure
COLLICULUS SEMINALIS
AMPULA DUCTUS DEFERENS
CANALIS INGUINALIS
FUNICULUS SPERMATICUS
Vas Deferens
Limfe
Blood Vessel
Nervous

12. (within the mediastinum)
Spermatic Cord/
Feniculus
Spermaticus
Testes Structure
Vas Deferens
Caput Epididymis
Vasectomy
Vas Efferentia
6-12 tubules
Seminiferous Tubule
Corpus
Epididymis
Tunica Albuginea
Rete Testis
(within the mediastinum)
Cauda Epididymis

13. Spermatic Chord Pampiniform Plexus Vascular, lymphatic and nerves
Heat exchanger
Houses cremaster muscle
Testicular
Artery
Pampiniform Plexus
Counter Current Exchange
39°C - 34°C
70 ng T/ml ng T/ml

14. Parietal Tunica Vaginalis
Spermatic Chord
Vas Deferens
Cremaster Muscle
Pampiniform Plexus
Parietal Tunica Vaginalis

15. Bull Testis
Tunica Vaginalis
parietal
visceral
Tunica Albuginea

16. Structure of the Testis
Seminiferous Tubule
Tunica Albuginea
Rete Testis
(within the mediastinum)

17. Bull Tract
Longitudinal Section
Cross Section

18. Scrotal Cross Section
testicular parenchyma
mediastinum

19. Scrotal Cross Section

20. Testis
Testicular Parenchyma
Mediastinum

21. Mediastinum
Rete Testis
Seminiferous
Tubule
The Testis

22. ASCECORIES GLANDS VESICULA SEMINALIS/ VESICULARIS PROSTATA
COWPER/BULBOURETHRALIS

23. Bull Tract
Pelvic Genitalia

24. Pelvic Genitalia of the Bull
Pelvic Urethra
Muscle

26. URETHRA CONSIST OF : PELVIS DEPT : DUCTUS SILINDRIC  PELVIC FLUOR
DUCTUS EKSRETORIS  URINE & SEMEN
CONSIST OF :
PELVIS DEPT : DUCTUS SILINDRIC  PELVIC FLUOR
URETHRAE DEPT: CURVE SERROUNDING OF
ARCUS ISCHIADICUS
PENIS DEPT

27. Bull Tract
Pelvic Dept
Penis Dept
Urethrae Dept

28. PENIS
PENIS  URINE & SEMEN
PENIS  CRUZ, CORPUS & GLANS

29. Glans Penis

30. Glans Penis

31. PENIS
* DORSAL : CORPUS CAVERNOSUM
* VENTRAL : CORPUS SPONGIOSUM
URETHRAE
* DORSAL-VENTRAL JOINED IN GLANS PENIS
 CORPUS FIBROSUM

32. Cross Section of Bull Penis

33. Penis Cross Section
Corpus Cavernosum
Urethra
Corpus Spongiosum

34. PENIS TYPES 1. FIBROELASTIS  Flexura Sigmoidea
EX : BULL, BOAR, RAM, GOAT, BUFFALO
2. VASKULER
EX : STALLION, ELEPHANT, PRIMATE

35. Reproductive Organs of the Bull
Prostate
Reproductive Organs of the Bull
Rectum
Cowpers Gland
Seminal Vesicles
Ampulla
Bladder
Retractor Penis
Muscle
Vas Deferens
Sigmoid
Flexure
Glans
Penis
Caput Epididymis
Scrotum
Testis
Cauda Epididymis
Gubernaculum

37. PENIS VASCULARITATION :
a. interna-externa pudendal &
a. obturator
INERVATION :
Plexus Pelvicus,
Pudenda & hemoroidalis Nervous

38. Arterial Supply

39. PREPUTIUM & CAUDAL PENIS IN ERECTION
SKIN COVERING FREE PENIS NOT ERECTION
& CAUDAL PENIS IN ERECTION
MUKOUS LIQUID SECRETION + LIPID + BACTERIA
FROM EPITEL WALL GLAND PREPUTIUM 
SMEGMA PREPUTII

40. MALE GENITALIA PHYSIOLOGY
TESTES :
REPRODUCTIF FUNCTION
SPERMATOZOA PRODUCE  TUBULUS SEMINIFERUS
ENDOKRINOLOGY FUNCTION
MALE HORMONE PRODUCE/ ANDROGEN
SPERMATOGENESIS
SPERMATOCYTOGENESIS
SPERMIOGENESIS

43. MEKANISME HORMONAL HT – HP - TESTIS
HIPOTHALAMUS
GnRH
HIPOFISIS ANTERIOR
FSH LH
TESTIS
TESTOSTERON
INHIBIN
SEL LEYDIG
SEL SERTOLI
SPERMATOGONIA
ABP
MEKANISME HORMONAL HT – HP - TESTIS

44. EPIDIDYMIS
FUNCTION :
TRANSPORTATION
KONSENTRATION
MATURATION
STORAGE

45. SKROTUM FUNCTION 1. SHOCK REDUCE SMOOTH MUSCLE FIBROSA MEMBRANE SKIN
2. THERMOREGULATOR
EKSTERNA ET INTERNA CREMASTER MUSC
TUNICA DARTOS
A TESTIKULER & PLEXUS VENOUS PAMPINIFORMOS POSISITON IN FUNICULUS SPERMATIKUS

46. Thermosensor
Radiator
Protective sac
Scrotum
Tunica Dartos

47. Contraction of the Tunica Dartos
Testis
Tunica Dartos
Smooth muscle
Androgen dependent (Testosterone)

48. VAS DEFERENS TRANSPOR SPZ FROM CAUDA EPIDIDIMIS TO URETHRAE
AFTER CAPUT EPIDIDYMIS  JOINED BLOOD VESSEL, LIMFE & NERVES => FUNICULUS SPERMATICUS
AMPULA DUCTUS DEFERENS

49. ASCESORIS GLANDS VESIKULARIS - 50% VOL BULL EJAKULAT - pH 5,7-6,2
COWPER & PROSTATA
- URINE NETRALISATION
- pH 7,5-8,2

50. URETHRAE DUCTUS UROGENITALIS  URINE & SEMEN COLLICULUS SEMINALIS :
Corpus cavernosus Vesica urinaria
covering at ejakulation
Preventif semen entering in vesica
urinaria

51. EJAKULATION MECHANISME
LIBIDO ↑
HIGH SPERM KONSENTRATION & NON MOTIL FROM AMPULA
SECRETION FROM VESICULARIS & PROSTATA GLANDS
COWPER SECRETION  URETHRAE CLEANSER
COLLICULUS SEMINALIS COVERED
URETHRAE BASE WALL  SUDDENLY CONTRACTION
SEMEN SECRETION
SPRAY

52. THANK YOU