1. Colonizing North America
Chapter 3.3

2. Overview
Why did England, France and the Netherlands seek a northwest passage?
How did the Protestant Reformation affect rivalries among European nations?
How did rivalry develop between New France and New Netherland?

3. Read
PLEASE READ PAGES 81-86

4. Search for the Northwest Passage
John Cabot- English explorer
Giovanni da Verrazano- Italian explored Carolinas up to Canada
Jacques Cartier sailed half of the St. Lawrence River
Henry Hudson entered into New York harbor and now what is Hudson River

5. Rivalries Among European Nations
Religious Divisions:
Martin Luther
Protestant Reformation
Rivalries in the Americas:

6. New France
Samuel de Champlain founded the trading post named Quebec on the St. Lawrence River.
Permanently established France in Americas
Economy of New France, profited from fishing and fur trapping and trading.

7. Missionary Work of France
Catholic missionaries traveled with fur traders
Searched for converts within the Native American population
Goal to teach Christianity

8. Expansion of the Mississippi
Mississippi River known by the Native Americans as the “Father of the Waters”
Father Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet explored 700 miles of Mississippi and Great Lakes
French wanted to keep Spain and England out of Louisiana territory, established forts like Detroit and New Orleans

9. Expansion (Cont)
French colonists imported African slaves that work plantations
Some slaves escaped and joined the Natchez Indians in a revolt against the French (1729)
Those slaves that fought with the French received their freedom
Free and enslaved African Americans made up the majority of settlers in Louisiana

10. New Netherlands
Peter Mimuit led Dutch Settlers to the mouth of the Hudson River
Bought Manhattan from Native Americans, then called it New Amsterdam (New York)
Grew into busy port, profited from trade.
Trading posts like New Orange (Albany), established along the Hudson River

11. Rivalry over Fur Trade
French and Dutch settlers became rivals over fur trade.
Dutch made an alliance with the Iroquois
French with the Huron's
Sporadic fights between two nations occurred using Indian Allies

12. Dutch brought customs to Americas
Ice skating
Saint Nick (Santa Claus)
Dutch language assimilated into English language (boss, cookies, sleigh)

13. Impact on Native American Society
Diseases (Smallpox) killed much of Native American population
War
Missionary conversion not always accepted
Seize Indian lands (new outposts) brought more trouble and colonization westward