2. INVERTEBRATE REVIEW 1

3. 2 WORMS

4. 3 PORIFERA & CNIDARIA

5. 4 MOLLUSKS

6. 5 ARTHROPODS

7. 6 ECHINODERMS

8. 7 MISC.

9. 8 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Worms Porifera & Cnidaria Mollusks Arthropods Echinoderms Misc.Worms Porifera & Cnidaria Mollusks Worms Porifera & Cnidaria Arthropods Mollusks Worms Porifera & Cnidaria Echinoderms Arthropods Mollusks Worms Porifera & Cnidaria Misc. Echinoderms Arthropods Mollusks Worms Porifera & Cnidaria

10. 9 In earthworms, inability to produce offspring might be associated with: a) lack of a true coelom b) the inability of a worm to fertilize its own eggs c) a malfunction of the nephridia d) a malfunction of the clitellum

11. 10 d) a malfunction of the clitellum

12. 11 Most Flatworms are small and very thin. Therefore, they can supply their cells with oxygen and remove metabolic wastes by means of: a) simple diffusion between body surface and the environment b) an open circulatory system without a heart c) an open circulatory system with one heart d) a closed circulatory system with one heart

13. 12 a) simple diffusion between body surface and the environment

14. 13 In annelids, nitrogen- containing wastes are eliminated by: a) clitella b) parapodia c) nephridia d) gills

15. 14 c) nephridia

16. 15 One way to distinguish a roundworm from an annelid is to: a) count their germ layers b) examine their body symmetry c) compare the structure of their body cavities d) determine whether they have cephalization

17. 16 a) count their germ layers

18. 17 In the tapeworm, both male and female reproductive organs are contained in each mature: a) scolex b) proglottid c) cyst d) egg

19. 18 b) proglottid

20. 19 How do polyps differ from medusas? a) ployps have mesoglea, and medusas do not b) medusas are cylindrical and usually sessile, and polyps are bell-shaped and motile c) medusas are carnivorous, and polyps are not d) polyps are cylindrical and usually sessile, and medusas are bell-shaped and motile

21. 20 d) polyps are cylindrical and usually sessile, and medusas are bell-shaped and motile

22. 21 Which of the following describes the feeding habits of sponges? A) predators B) filter feeders c) parasites d) detritovores

23. 22 B) filter feeders

24. 23 What is the primary body form of Scyphozoans? A) bud b) polyp c) medusa d) gemmule

25. 24 c) medusa

26. 25 Many sponges protect themselves from predators by producing a) larvae b) choanocytes c) nematocysts d) toxins

27. 26 d) toxins

28. 27 The benefit of a sponge producing gemmules is that gemmules a) are a form of sexual reproduction b) allow a sponge to survive long periods of harsh conditions c) defend the sponge against predators d) help to filter food for the sponge

29. 28 b) allow a sponge to survive long periods of harsh conditions

30. 29 The tube-like structure through which water enters and leaves a mollusk’s body is the a) sinus b) siphon c) coelom d) mantle cavity

31. 30 b) siphon

32. 31 The most active mollusks are the a) gastropods b) cephalopods c) bivalves d) nudibranchs

33. 32 b) cephalopods

34. 33 A pond snail is an example of a) gastropod b) flatworm c) roundworm d) annelid

35. 34 a) gastropod

36. 35

37. 36 The spade-shaped burrowing structure of one group of mollusks and the tentacles of another group are both modifications of the a) foot b) mantle c) shell d) visceral mass

38. 37 a) foot

39. 38 Filter-feeding bivlves can be used to monitor the environmental health of a habitat because a) the bivalves reproduce quickly in polluted water b) the bivalves concentrate pollutants and microorganisms in their tissues c) the bivalves live near deep-sea vents d) some bivalves never get cancer

40. 39 b) the bivalves concentrate pollutants and microorganisms in their tissues

41. 40 Which of the following invertebrates is NOT a crustacean? a) horseshoe crab b) fiddler crab c) barnacle d) crayfish

42. 41 a) horseshoe crab

43. 42 Arthropods are classified based on the number and structure of their a) eyes and wings b) body segments and appendages c) muscles and bones d) gills and hearts

44. 43 b) body segments and appendages

45. 44 The appendages of arthropods are a) found only on the head b) hard and immovable c) jointed and extend from the body wall d) divided into six branches

46. 45 c) jointed and extend from the body wall

47. 46 What does molting enable an arthropod to do? a) to breathe b) to reproduce c) to grow d) to eat

48. 47 c) to grow

49. 48 Insects are classified as a) crustaceans b) arachnids c) uniramians d) chelicerates

50. 49 c) uniramians

51. 50 Two echinoderms that are in the same class are a) brittle stars and sea stars b) sea stars and sea cucmbers c) sea cucumbers and sea urchins d) sea urchins and sand dollars

52. 51 d) sea urchins and sand dollars

53. 52 The plates of the endoskeleton are reduced and contained inside a soft, muscular body wall in a) sand dollars b) sea cucumbers c) sea urchins d) brittle stars

54. 53 b) sea cucumbers

55. 54 The water-vascular system of echinoderms is involved with each of the following body functions EXCEPT a) respiration b) circulation c) movement d) reproduction

56. 55 d) reproduction

57. 56 The skeleton of an echinoderm is an a) exoskeleton made of calcium carbonate b) exoskeleton made of chitin c) endoskeleton made of calcium carbonate d) endoskeleton made of chitin

58. 57 c) endoskeleton made of calcium carbonate

59. 58

60. 59 In echinoderms, body parts usually occur in multiples of a) two b) seven c) three d) five

61. 60 d) five

62. 61 Which are the simplest animals to have body symmetry? a) sponges b) algae c) cnidarians d) nematocysts

63. 62 c) cnidarians

64. 63 Cephaliziation refers to the a) division of the body into upper and lower sides b) concentration of sense organs and nerve cells in the front of the body c) joining together of specialized cells to form tissues d) formation of a body cavity

65. 64 b) concentration of sense organs and nerve cells in the front of the body

66. 65 In a protostome, the blastopore becomes a(an) a) mouth b) anus c) zygote d) blastula

67. 66 a) mouth

68. 67 The blastula is a stage of development of an embryo that consists of a) a solid ball of cells b) a hollow ball of cells c) a flat sheet of cells d) a folded sheet of cells

69. 68 b) a hollow ball of cells

70. 69 The upper side of an organism is its a) dorsal side b) ventral side c) anterior side d) posterior side

71. 70 a) dorsal side

72. 71

73. 72

74. 73 Worms

75. 74 Porifera & Cnidaria

76. 75 Mollusks

77. 76 Arthropods

78. 77 Echinoderms

79. 78 Misc.

80. 79 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 Misc. Echinoderms Arthropods Mollusks Worms Porifera & Cnidaria

81. 80 A person who has trichinosis likely contracted it from a) walking barefoot on soil infested with Trichinella worms b) eating undercooked meat containing Trichinella cysts c) mosquitoes d) coming in contact with Trichinella-infested snails

82. 81 b) eating undercooked meat containing Trichinella cysts

83. 82 Which of these animals has a true coelom? a) filarial worm b) tapeworm c) planarian d) leech

84. 83 d) leech

85. 84 A true digestive tract is found in a) annelids b) sponges c) cnidarians d) flatworms

86. 85 a) annelids

87. 86 Free-living flatworms, most of which live in marine environments or fresh water, are a) flukes b) turbellarians c) tapeworms d) roundworms

88. 87 b) turbellarians

89. 88 A type of worm that is an external parasite is the a) tapeworm b) polychete c) leech d) earthworm

90. 89 c) leech

91. 90 The body symmetry of a cnidarian is a) radial in the medusa stage and bilateral in the polyp stage b) radial in both the medusa and polyp stages c) bilateral in both the medusa and polyp stages d) bilateral in the medusa stage and radial in the polyp stage

92. 91 b) radial in both the medusa and polyp stages

93. 92 Which two functions do nematocysts perform? a) reproduction and defense b) capturing prey and locomotion c) defense and capturing prey d) locomotion and reproduction

94. 93 c) defense and capturing prey

95. 94 A characteristic of cnidarians is that they are a) found only in warm, tropical waters b) carnivorous animals c) named for their body symmetry d) all of the above

96. 95 b) carnivorous animals

97. 96 Flagella are important to the essential functions within a sponge because flagella a) protect the organism from predators b) digest food particles trapped within the organism c) help move water through the organism’s body d) produce toxins that make them poisonous to predators

98. 97 c) help move water through the organism’s body

99. 98 In jellyfishes, the medusa stage reproduses a) asexually b) sexually c) by budding d) by gemmules

100. 99 b) sexually

101. 100 The feeding types that occur within the phylum Mollusca include a) herbivores b) carnivores c) detritivores d) all of the above

102. 101 d) all of the above

103. 102 Which pair of terms does NOT include a class of mollusks and an example of an animal in that class? a) Cephalopoda/cuttlefish b) Gastropoda/land slug c) Bivalvia/clam d) Cephalopoda/nudibranch

104. 103 d) Cephalopoda/nudibranch

105. 104 The thin layer of tissue that covers a mollusk’s body is called the a) mantle b) foot c) visceral mass d) shell

106. 105 a) mantle

107. 106 Mollusks have a) a pseudoceolom b) a true coelom c) a body cavity between the ectoderm and mesoderm d) no body cavity

108. 107 b) a true coelom

109. 108 Which characteristic would allow you to differentiate a nautilus from another type if mollusk? a) it has a shell b) it has up to 90 tentacles c) it has a single foot d) all of the above

110. 109 b) it has up to 90 tentacles

111. 110 Spiders feed by a) swallowing their prey whole b) biting off and swallowing pieces of their prey c) sucking up prey tissues that have been liquefied by enzymes d) sipping nectar through a tubelike mouthpart

112. 111 c) sucking up prey tissues that have been liquefied by enzymes

113. 112 One difference between a nymph and a larva is that a nymph a) can fly, but a larva cannot b) is specialized for reproduction, but a larva is not c) resembles an adult of the same species, but a larva does not d) molts to become and pupa, but a larva molts to become an adult

114. 113 c) resembles an adult of the same species, but a larva does not

115. 114 An example of a chelicerate is a a) lobster b) centipede c) crayfish d) spider

116. 115 d) spider

117. 116 If an animal has a digestive tract, an open circulatory system, and an exoskeleton, it could be a(an) a) arthropod b) echinoderm c) cnidarian d) roundworm

118. 117 a) arthropod

119. 118 In most ant societies, egg- laying is performed by a) the workers b) one queen c) hundreds of queens d) reproductive males

120. 119 b) one queen

121. 120 In most species of echinoderms, respiration occurs maily in the a) tube feet b) madreporite c) ring canal d) radial canals

122. 121 a) tube feet

123. 122

124. 123 Sea lilies and feather stars a) make up the oldest class of echinoderms b) feed by scraping algae from rocks c) are the only echinoderms that live in fresh water d) are disk-shaped echinoderms that often burrow into the sand

125. 124 a) make up the oldest class of echinoderms

126. 125 In an echinoderm, the structure that operates like a living suction cup is the a) madreporite b) tube foot c) stomach d) nerve ring

127. 126 b) tube foot

128. 127 The echinoderms that look like warty, moving pickles are a) sea urchins b) sea cucumbers c) sea stars d) feather stars

129. 128 b) sea cucumbers

130. 129

131. 130 Echinoderms are like vertebrtes in that echinoderms a) are bilaterally symmetrical as larvae and adults b) are deuterostomes c) have cephalization d) have an anterior end and a posterior end

132. 131 b) are deuterostomes

133. 132 Which of the following invertebrates would be most likely to reproduce by external fertilization? a) an arachnid b) an insect c) a land snail d) a cnidarian

134. 133 d) a cnidarian

135. 134 Gases diffuse most efficiently across a respiratory membrane if the membrane is a) thick and dry b) thin and dry c) thick and moist d) thin and moist

136. 135 d) thin and moist

137. 136 Which of the following is NOT found in any radially symmetrical invertebrate? a) cephalization b) specialized cells c) specialized organs d) a coelom

138. 137 a) cephalization

139. 138 An animal that has distinct left and right sides shows a) radial symmetry b) segmentation c) several planes of symmetry d) bilateral symmetry

140. 139 d) bilateral symmetry

141. 140 Which structures are NOT part of an excretory system? a) flame cells b) spiracles c) Malpighian tubules d) nephridia

142. 141 b) spiracles

143. 142 Name the live invertebrates in my classroom and classify them.

144. 143 Hermit crabs – (P)Arthropoda – (SF)Crustacea – (C)Malacostraca – (O)Decapoda – (SO)Pleocyemata – (IO)Anomura – (S)Paguroidea Pill bugs – (P)Arthropoda – (SF)Crustacea – (C)Malacostraca – (O)Isopoda – (SO)Onicidea – (F)Armadillidiidae Sow bugs – (P)Arthropoda – (SF)Crustacea – (C)Malacostraca – (O)Isopoda – (SO)Onicidea – (IO)Diplocheta Centipede- (P)Arthropoda – (SF)Myriapoda – (C)Chilopoda