1. 9/9 Bellringer North America 1754
Which nation on the map had the “best” colonies? Why?
Based on the map, what problems might arise among the European powers?
How should these nations work out their differences?

2. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
As a group, answer the questions.
As an individual, write a HAPP analysis to the sermon.

3. H-A-P-P Historical Context Audience Point of View Perspective
What is happening specific to the document and within the larger historical context that could influence this document?
Audience
Whom is the author addressing, and how will that impact what is being written?
Point of View
Who was the person, and what was their opinion?
Perspective
What is the purpose of creating this document?
Bias is not necessarily bad, but it is from a particular point of view

4. By the 1650s, Britain began to embrace the economic policy of mercantilism based on the idea that the colonies exist to generate wealth for the mother country
Mercantilism
Mercantilism is
based on the idea of a balance of trade in which a nation exports more than it imports

5. The Navigation Acts required the colonists to trade only with Britain
Mercantilism meant that Britain began to control & regulate colonial trade
In 1660, Britain began the first of a series of Navigation Acts designed to restrict colonial trade & increase British wealth
The Navigation Acts required the colonists to trade only with Britain

6. All 13 of the British colonies participated in the trans-Atlantic trade…
“Northern” Colonies
“Southern” Colonies
…But regional differences led to a long-term division between the “Southern” & “Northern” colonies

7. By 1750, Britain & France had become serious rivals because:
Both nations used mercantilism to expand their colonial claims in order to increase their wealth
Both nations used mercantilism to expand their colonial claims in order to increase their wealth
Britain & France went to war 3 times in Europe from
These wars in Europe meant that their colonists would fight too

8. During the 1700s, both the British & French colonies were growing
Land disputes along the Ohio River Valley led to the French & Indian War

9. 09/10 Bellringer North America 1763
How did winning the French & Indian War set up Britain as the dominant economic power in the world?
What effect might this victory have on British mercantilism?
How might this war impact the British colonists? Indians?

10. Crash Course Video

11. The growth of the British & French colonies impacted Indians:
French alliances grew stronger
British colonists had many conflicts with natives
1754  Albany Congress  British settlers meet to discuss the common problem of Indian attacks
Ben Franklin suggested the Albany Plan of Union (coordinated colonial army) but plan was not approved

12. Turning Point: 1754
In 1754, VA governor sent 22 year old George Washington to protect an Ohio Company claim
Washington’s troops were forced to retreat from Fort Duquesne; This clash proved to be the beginning of the French & Indian War

13. The French and Indian War (1754-1763)
Britain & the North American colonists
France, their colonists, & Indian allies vs

14. 1757, British Prime Minister William Pitt issued a “blank check” to win the war
War started in N. America ( ), but became part of a larger “world” war (Seven Years War)

15. The war officially ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763
France lost Canada, most of its empire in India, & claims to lands east of the Mississippi River
Spain got all lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England
England gained all French lands in Canada & exclusive rights to the Caribbean slave trade
North America 1754
North America 1763

16. Role Play Activity

17. Situation #1
According to the Treaty of Paris in that ended the French & Indian War, the French have no more colonies in North America (except Haiti in the Caribbean)

18. Situation #2
After the end of the French & Indian War, Parliament decided to leave the British army in North America

19. Situation #3
The costs of winning the French & Indian War left the British Empire in severe debt that it now must pay off:
British national debt, 1755: £74.6 million British national debt, 1764: £129.6 million

20. North America 1763
The French & Indian War changed the relationship between Britain & the American colonists
Colonists excited about the possibility of new land in the west
Colonists learned new guerilla fighting tactics from the Indians
The “blank check” led to huge war debts that Parliament expected colonist to help pay

21. Other problems strained the relationship between Britain & the colonists after the war:
North America 1763
Britain had to spend more money defending colonists in the frontier
After Pontiac’s Rebellion, the Proclamation Line of 1763 was set
The British began governing their colonies more strictly
New taxes & laws were passed without asking colonial assemblies

22. As Britain assumed more control, the colonists tried
to hang onto the power of their
colonial assemblies
This shift would prove to be the beginning of the long road towards colonial independence