1. Unit 4 Adaptations

2. Grasses, Shrubs and low plants Shallow roots Fast reproduction / flowering cycle 1-3 meters below the surface the ground is completely frozen growing season is very short, 1-2 months

3. Animals Hibernation (Bears) Hibernation (Bears) Migration (Birds) Migration (Birds) Insulating features Insulating features They can sleep right though the cold months under a thick blanket of snow and not freeze. They can sleep right though the cold months under a thick blanket of snow and not freeze. They can move further south to warmer climates to avoid the cold. They can move further south to warmer climates to avoid the cold. Some animals have extra fur or fat to help hold in heat so they don’t freeze. Some animals have extra fur or fat to help hold in heat so they don’t freeze.

4. Animals Camouflage (snowshoe hare, ptarmigan, bear) Camouflage (snowshoe hare, ptarmigan, bear) Feet (ptarmigan) Feet (ptarmigan) Feet (snowshoe hare / polar bear) Feet (snowshoe hare / polar bear) Hides or protects them from their predators. Hides or protects them from their predators. Feet enlarge in the fall for walking on snow Feet enlarge in the fall for walking on snow Snow shoe hare develop a covering of hair. Polar bear – bristles. Snow shoe hare develop a covering of hair. Polar bear – bristles.

5. Trees – Conifers (Evergreens) Needle-like leaves Needle-like leaves Thick bark Thick bark Conical shape Conical shape Less surface area on the leaves means less transpiration (Winter all water is frozen). Less surface area on the leaves means less transpiration (Winter all water is frozen). The thicker the bark the less water that will escape. The thicker the bark the less water that will escape. Heavy snow during the winter will fall off reliving the pressure on the branches. Heavy snow during the winter will fall off reliving the pressure on the branches.

6. Trees – Deciduous Shed their leaves when winter comes. (Birch, maple, aspen Shed their leaves when winter comes. (Birch, maple, aspen Since the water is frozen during winter they shed their leaves so no water is lost via transpiration. Since the water is frozen during winter they shed their leaves so no water is lost via transpiration.

7. es Grasses Shallow roots Shallow roots Small water requirement Small water requirement Little rain falls, doesn’t seep far in the ground, roots near the surface will catch all the water. Little rain falls, doesn’t seep far in the ground, roots near the surface will catch all the water. Little water, they have little need for water, only once in a while. Also small in size, so they don’t need a lot of water.. Little water, they have little need for water, only once in a while. Also small in size, so they don’t need a lot of water..

9. the introduction of chinch bugs when it arrived through sods imported from mainland Canada? the introduction of snowshoe hare or even the moose to the island of Newfoundland? Introduction of a new species? the recent arrival of coyotes on the island of Newfoundland may have on the local ecosystem? What could be the probable impact that:

10. Possible Effects ??? Elimination/disruption of their food sources/species. Competition for food sources may cause decline or endanger other native species that eat same food source. Diseases may be introduced causing decline or disruption. May cause interruption of decline in economic activity related to lost/declining species. Financial cost to subsequently control new species.