2. About the Tundra ● Coldest of all biomes ● Short season of growth and reproduction ● Poor Nutrients ● 2 types: – Arctic Tundra – Alpine Tundra

3. Climate ● Treeless ● Winter temperatures around -30° F ● Dry, 6-10 inches of rain per year

4. Location of Tundra

5. Animals ● Polar Bear ● Caribou ● Arctic Fox ● Arctic Hare ● Snowy Owl ● Musk ox ● Rock Ptarmigan ● Sheep ● Lemming ● Ravens

6. Animals (cont.)

7. Adaptations of Animals ● Thick layer of fat for the winter ● Thick insulating furs and/or feathers ● Short, stocky legs and arms to keep warmer ● Breed in the summer

8. Plants ● Arctic Moss ● Arctic Willow ● Bear Berry ● Caribou Moss ● Lichens ● Arctic Poppy

9. Plants (cont.)

10. Adaptations of Plants ● Special growing patterns ● Close together and low to the ground ● Pattern resists the effects of cold temperatures ● Reduces damage caused by the wind

11. Threats ● Oil spills kill wildlife and damage ecosystems ● Melting of permafrost can change the landscape changing what species can live there ● Air pollution can contaminate lichen ● Ozone depletion at the North and South Poles