1. Hazardous Waste Policy in the EU - the example of electronic waste - November 2005 India Brussels Marianne Klingbeil European Commission Environment Directorate-General Sustainable Development and Integration

2. The European Waste Strategy Reduce the amount of waste Reduce the hazardousness of waste Reduce the impacts on the environment

3. Community Waste Strategy (COM(96)399, 30.7.96 Waste framework Directives (Dir. 75/442/EEC) Waste streams Waste treatment operations Landfill (99/31/EC) Waste oils (Dir 75/439/EEC) Sewage sludge (Dir. 86/278/EEC) Batteries and accumulators (Dir. 91/157/EEC & 93/86/EEC) Packaging (Dir. 94/62/EC) PCBs (Dir. 96/59/EC) End-of-life vehicles (Dir 2000/53 EC) Waste electric and electronic equipment (under adoption) Hazardous waste Directive (Dir. 91/689/EEC) Waste shipment Regulation (Reg. (EEC) 259/93) Framework legislation Incineration 89/369 & 429 (MW) 94/67 (HW) Replaced by 2000/76/EC

4. Treatment Operations LANDFILL (19 99/31/EC) Permitting system Control procedures Technical requirements Reduction of landfill of biodegradable waste Collection of methane and energy recovery Internalisation of costs Interdiction of co-disposal INCINERATION (2000/76/EC) Covers MW and HW Covers incineration and co-incineration Permitting Emission limit values (air, water) Management of residues Recovery of energy

5. Waste Flows Sewage sludge (Dir. 86/278/EEC) Use in agriculture Concentration limits for heavy metals Control of pathogens Batteries and accumulators (Dir. 91/157/EEC & 93/86/EEC) Scope Marketing limits Selective collection Packaging (Dir. 94/62/EC) All packaging Recycling and recovery rates Management systems Essential requirements Data bases PCBs and PCTs (Dir. 96/59/EC) Concentration thresholds Inventories Non-inventoried equipment Destruction by 2010 End-of-life vehicles (Dir. 2000/53/EC) Certificate of destruction De-registration Reduction of heavy metals Reuse and recycling, and recovery rates Producer responsibility Waste electric and electronic equipment (under adoption) Industrial and consumer equipment Selective collection Reuse and recycling, and recovery rates Producer responsibility Waste oils (Dir 75/439/EEC) Collection Priority to regeneration Controlled disposal

6. Electronic waste Environmental problem Around 14 kg per inhabitant/year in the EU Around 5 million tonnes/year in the EU Fastest growing waste stream (3 times faster average municipal waste) 90% of WEEE is landfilled, incinerated or recovered without pre-treatment

7. W E E E Targets 31.12.05 by weight: large household appliances: - recovery 80%; reuse/recycling 75% small and consumer appliances, tools, toys: - recovery 60%; reuse/recycling 50% IT and telecoms equipment: - recovery 75%; reuse/recycling 65% gas discharge lamps: - reuse/recycling 80% cathode ray tubes: - recovery 75%; reuse/recycling 70%

8. Treatment according to minimum requirements Removal and separate treatment of components which could cause problems to recycling Minimum requirements for treatment installations Exported equipment can only count for the fulfillment of targets if done under conditions equivalent to the directive proof must be provided by exporters WEEE - Treatment obligations

9. WEEE Financing obligations - households New waste (from products put on the market after 13/08 2005) Producers responsible for financing waste from own products Producers can choose to fulfil obligation either individually or by joining a collective scheme Financial guarantees Historical waste (from products put on the market before 13/08/2005) Collective system 1:1 take back in shops at purchase of a new product

10. W E E E Financing obligations - sources other than households The producer is responsible for own waste

11. WEEE - ROHS In spite of these measures, however, significant parts of WEEE will continue to be found in the current disposal routes. Even if WEEE were collected separately and submitted to recycling processes, its content of mercury, cadmium, lead, chromiumVI, PBB and PBDE would be likely to pose risks to health or the environment

12. RoHS Directive Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment Member States shall ensure … from 1 July 2006 new EEE-equipment put on the market does not contain lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalnet chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) or polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE)

13. End-of-Life Vehicles Directive - Targets Banning lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium (with certain exemptions) By January 2006 for average ELV weight : -reuse/recovery 85% -reuse/recycling 80% By January 2015 by average ELV weight : -reuse/recovery 95% -reuse/recycling 85% Re-examination of 2015 targets under preparation

14. Packaging and Packaging Waste Targets Recovery and recycling: by June 2001 between: 50-65% PW by weight recovered; and 25-45% PW by weight recycled with min. of 15% for each packaging material Proposed revision : by June 2006 between: 60-75% PW by weight recovered 55-70% PW by weight recycled Min. recycling targets: 60% glass;55% paper/card; 50% metals, and 20% plastics Concentration levels for heavy metals

15. Batteries - Batteries - currently draft proposal - Future Directive will contain: Obligatory collection and recycling requirements; Restriction on the use of cadmium in batteries. Main issues under discussion: Level of collect targets; Scope of cadmium ban.

16. Waste and resources Strategy on resource management Emphasis on integrated product policy Recycling strategy new actions on waste streams Sustainable product design Stimulate re-use Awareness raising, targets, Indicators

17. Thank you for your attention