1. Athletic Training : History Ancient to Modern Medicine 150 AD: Galen, Athletic Trainer to Roman gladiators- Noticed increased performance after massage and promoted athlete hygiene 1881: James Robinson recognized as first athletic trainer in US Trained at a veterinarian, first worked at Harvard, later Yale and Princeton. Known to rush onto field with water bucket and sponge to “freshen up” tired players. 450 BC: Herodotus, teacher to Hippocrates, prescribed Exercise and diet for Greek athletes 1869: Rutgers and Princeton introduce intercollegiate football 1905: After 18 deaths and 160 serious injuries President Theodore Roosevelt threatens to abolish Football – Spurred few colleges to hire “athletic trainers” Image

2. Athletic Training : History 1914: Samuel E Bilik enrolls in medical school at the University of Illinois while serving as their athletic trainer, changing the norm of education for athletic trainers. He later published the book “Trainers Bible” 1950: Cramer Chemical Company held first national athletic training clinic and the National Athletic Trainers’ Association emerged 1967: The American Medical Association supports NATA, validating Athletic Trainers in medical community NOW: Currently +22,000 certified athletic trainers in various fields (high school, college, pro military, performing-arts) over 70% having masters degrees, and 350 athletic training education programs across US 1932: After traveling with the US Olympic team, the Cramer Brothers publish the “First Aider”, which shared practice tips for the profession 1956: William Pinky Newell appointed Executive Secretary of NATA 1971 National Exam created and 4 colleges have an Athletic Training Education Program requiring curriculum work and 600 hours Image

3. Athletic Training: History in Hawaii 1964: Gary Smith: First athletic trainer in state of Hawaii, at Punahou School 1964-68, Went on to be athletic trainer at Central Washington University for over 30 years. 1985: Hawaii Athletic Trainers’ Association (HATA) Founded- Members: Lindy Rowan, Chris Balske, Melody Toth, Wes Sphar, Pete Howard, Eric Okasaki, Glenn Beachy and Jayson Goo 1989: - Lobbying for athletic trainers started after a 1989 incident in which a McKinley High School football player was paralyzed when his coach put him back in to the game after the athlete ha d sustained a neck injury 1991: Bart Buxton, PhD and Michael McCarthy, PhD published a study in 1991 to investigate the type of athletic health care that was being provided in Hawaii high schools 1991: From that study athletic administrators were able to lobby the Hawaii State legislators for athletic health care positions. Some of the key athletic administrators involved were Keith Morioka, Neal Takamori and Dwight Toyama. The Hawaii Athletic Trainers’ Association also provided additional support in the development of this program. 1968: Dean Adams: First athletic trainer at the University of Hawaii, later went on to be athletic trainer at the University of Oregon for over 20 years.

4. Athletic Training: History in Hawaii 1993: -First HATA Annual Symposium held at UH Manoa -DOE Pilot program created for 10 temporary HS athletic trainers 2012: Hawaii passes registration for athletic trainers. Total number of Athletic Trainers registered in state is now 140+ UH Manoa now offers entry level masters, Post-professional Masters and PhD in Athletic Training 2004: Second athletic trainer positions added to public schools, 8.5 added to start. Additionally, athletic trainer coordinator position added to public high schools 1995: Hawaii Board of Education passes resolution supporting need for an Athletic Trainer in every high school 1998: -HATA hosts regional athletic training meeting (Far West) for first time. 1997: 25 temporary athletic training positions created with in DOE, increase total positions to 40

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