1. Unit 3 Cells Blood Cells E-Coli

2. I.The History behind the Cell Theory - 1600’s- Anton van Leeuwenhoek first person to use a microscope to study nature - 1665- Robert Hooke- Used one of the first light microscopes to study plant tissue -When looking at a cork thought that it looked like monastery “cells” - 1838- Matthias Schleiden-all plants are made of “Cells” -1839-Theodor Schwann- all animals are made of “Cells” -1855 Rudolf Virchow- a doctor studied “Cell Reproduction” “Where a cell exists, there must have been a preexisting one…” These scientists and many others came up with what we know today as the …drum roll please….

3. II. The CELL THEORY 1.ALL living things are composed of cells (psst- that means you too) 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things (i.e. they hold you up and make work) 3. New Cells are produced from existing cells… Question: Why do you think it took so long for the cell theory to be stated? (1665-1900)-235 years????

4. III. Basic Cell Structures 1. Size- Cells range from.2 micrometers to 1,000 micrometers (Note: 1 micrometer is 1/1000 of a millimeter) 2. Cells are drastically different in size and shape but the have certain structures in common ALL known functioning cells have: a. Cell Membrane-thin flexible layer around the cell- that helps support and protect the cell (note: some cells have a cell wall) b. Cytoplasm- Is like the cells blood it’s squishy stuff that the organelles float in 70% of the cytoplasma is Cytosol composed of water, salts, organic molecules, and enzymes that are necessary for the cell to catalyze reactions.

5. IV. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes ProkaryotesEukaryotes Small and SimpleLarge and complicated -No Nucleus -Floating DNA -Nucleus -DNA in the nucleus -Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes -NO other Organelles -Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes -Organelles -Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan -Cell wall it is NOT made of peptidoglycan Note: Not all eukaryotes have a cell wall Single Cellular (Colonies) Single Cellular, Muticellular

6. Ex: Bacteria (e-coli, staph A) Ex: Plants, animals, fungi (some fungi are not cellular at all?), microorganisms -yeast-unicellular -humans-multicellular

7. Prokaryotic cells came before eukaryotic cells by 2 billion years

8. StructureProkaryoticEukaryotic AnimalPlants Cell Membrane YYY Cell WallYNY NucleusNYY RibosomeYYY E.R.NYY Golgi Apparatus NYY LysosomeNYN VacuoleNSmall/NY MitochondriaNYY ChloroplastsNNY CytoskeletonNYY