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CELLS Structure & Function Review
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What is the function of the cell membrane? Controls what enters or leaves cell;
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This storage space is a ___________. vacuole http://library.thinkquest.org/3564/Cells/cell93.gif
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Bacteria are ______________ prokaryotes eukaryotes prokaryotes
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Tell the 3 of the parts of the cell theory. *All living things are made of cells. *Cells are the basic units of structure & function in an organism * Cells are produced from existing cells. Group Question
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Small structure in a cell that performs a specific function organelle
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Name the Cell PEOPLE German zoologist who concluded all animals are made of cells _______________________ Theodor Schwann
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English scientist who 1 st saw “little boxes” in cork and called them cells ___________________ Robert Hooke
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Tell which part does it? 1. Burns glucose ____________________ 2. Controls what enters or leaves the cell ___________________ 3. Pulls chromosomes during cell division __________________ 4. Digests unwanted substances or cell parts _______________ 5. Makes proteins ______________________ 6. Contains DNA___________________ Mitochondria Cell membrane Centrioles Lysosomes Ribosomes Nucleus Group Question
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Name the Cell PEOPLE American biologist who provided evidence for the Endosymbiotic theory ___________________ Lynn Margulis
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German physician who saw dividing cells and reasoned that cells come from existing cells. ___________________ Rudolph Virchow
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Name the Cell PEOPLE Botanist who concluded that ALL PLANTS are made of cells ______________________________ Matthias Schleiden
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This organelle is the ____________ Rough ER http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_er.html
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Name the molecule that provides the energy for cell activities ATP
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prokaryotes Name the organelle that acts as the cell’s control center. nucleus
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An animal cell is a ____________. prokaryote eukaryote eukaryote
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Cells that have a cell membrane but NOT a nuclear membrane are ________________ prokaryotes
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Name the dark spot in the nucleus of a cell where ribosomes are made. nucleolus.
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Proteins are made on the __________ in a cell. ribosomes
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Name the organelle which is called the “power plant” of the cell because it provides energy mitochondrion
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Group Question What’s the Function? 1.Mitochondria ____________________ 2. Ribosomes ___________________ 3. Cell wall __________________ 4.Golgi bodies ____________________ 5.Centrioles ________________ Smooth ER ___________________ burn glucose; make ATP Make proteins support; protection Package molecules for storage or export` Pull chromosomes apart during cell division Make lipids; regulate calcium in muscle cells; Break down toxins in liver
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Name an organelle besides the nucleus that has DNA Mitochondria OR chloroplasts
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Cell organelles that burn glucose and store energy as ATP. mitochondria
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Name this part. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.html GOLGI BODY
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Name an organelle besides the nucleus that has a double membrane Mitochondria OR chloroplasts
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According to the Endosymbiotic theory, which organelle probably evolved from photosynthesizing bacteria that were incorporated into early prokaryotic cells? chloroplasts
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Tell which part does it? 1. Makes lipids for membranes ____________________ 2. Stores energy as ATP __________________ 3. Modifies & transports proteins made on its ribosomes ____________________ 4. Supports and protects plant cells ___________________ smooth ER Mitochondria Rough ER Cell wall Group Question
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A plant cell is a ______________. prokaryote eukaryote eukaryote
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This organelle contains the molecules for photosynthesis. chloroplast
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Group Question What part does this function? 1.Makes ATP ____________________ 2.Controls what enters or leaves the nucleus _________________ 3.Help cell move __________________ 4.Modify, sort, & package substances for transport _________________ 5.Makes ribosomes _____________________ 6. Control center of cell _________________ Mitochondria nuclear envelope Cilia or flagella Golgi bodies nucleolus Nucleus
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Organelle in a plant or animal cell that contains the cell’s genetic material. nucleus
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A Cell membrane B C D E What organelle is letter A?
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Name an organelle that assists with movement DOUBLE POINTS Cilia OR flagella OR CYTOSKELETON
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_________ ER does NOT have ribosomes attached smooth
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Give 2 kinds of evidence that support the Endosymbiotic theory. Mitochondria and chloroplasts: - have circular DNA like bacteria - divide using binary fission like bacteria - divide separate from the cell - have molecules in their inner membranes like bacteria - have ribosomes like bacteria Group Question
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A B C D E Rough ER What organelle is letter B?
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What’s the function? 1.rough ER ____________________ 2.nucleus ___________________ 3.cell membrane ____________________ 4.chloroplast ________________ 5.vacuole ___________________ 6.nucleolus ________________________ modify/transport proteins Contain DNA; control center Control what enters/leaves cell photosynthesis Stores water, food, molecules, waste Make RNA for ribosomes Group Question
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What is the function of the Rough ER? Modify and transport molecules made by its ribosomes This organelle is a _____________ Golgi Body http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi.htm
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This structure is a __________ flagellum
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Membrane bound sac that contains digestive enzymes. lysosome
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The _______________ is made of microfilaments and microtubules and helps the cell to maintain its shape. cytoskeleton Double Points
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Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached is called _________ ER. rough
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This organelle makes ATP. mitochondrion
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Pancake-like stack of membranes that modify, sort, &package substances for transport. Golgi body
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What is the job of the ribosomes? Make proteins
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A B C D E Golgi Body What organelle is letter D?
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A B C D E nucleus What organelle is letter C?
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Name the storage space that is larger in plants than animals. vacuole
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A B C D E Mitochondrion What organelle is letter E?
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Cell membranes are made of these 2 main kinds of molecules. Phospholipids & proteins Name another kind of molecule that could also be found in an animal cell membrane Steroids (lipids) OR glycoproteins
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Membranes that allow certain molecules to pass through and not others are said to be ___________________ permeable Selectively OR semi-
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In what kind of cell would you expect to see chromatin? dividing non-dividing Non-dividing Thylakoid stacks would be seen inside _____________________ Mitochondria Golgi bodies chloroplasts chloroplasts
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Name an organelle that is made of microtubules Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, OR centrioles A membrane protein with carbohydrates attached to its surface that functions in cell identification is called a ____________________ glycoprotein
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Tell which part does it? Contains genetic info __________________ Give cell shape/support ____________ Few, long structures for locomotion __________________ Provide more surface area inside mitochondria _________________ Place for photosynthesis __________________ Large storage space ___________________ nucleus cytoskeleton flagella cristae chloroplast vacuole
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Name this part. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.html According to the Endosymbiotic theory, which organelle probably evolved from aerobic bacteria that were incorporated into early prokaryotic cells? mitochondria Smooth ER
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The yellow part of this phospholipid molecule stays on the outside of the bilayer next to the water environment because it is ______________. polar nonpolar polar
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Name a cell part that has this 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules Cilia OR flagella
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Tell which part does it? Breaks down toxins ____________________ Power plant ___________________ Scrunched up DNA __________________ Allows molecules in & out of nucleus ____________________ Sacs inside chloroplasts ________________ Supports and protects bacterial cells ___________________ smooth ER Mitochondria chromosomes Nuclear pores thylakoids Cell wall
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The folded inner membrane in the mitochondria which help to increase the surface area for chemical reactions is called the _______________. cristae Ribosomes are made of __________ & __________ Protein RNA
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Which of these proteins is a peripheral protein? B; sticks on the surface of the membrane http://www.tqnyc.org/NYC040844/animalcells.htm
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Name the sacs found inside chloroplasts that contain the molecules for photosynthesis thylakoids Name the folded membranes found inside mitochondria cristae
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Which of these proteins is an integral protein? A; sticks INto the membrane http://www.tqnyc.org/NYC040844/animalcells.htm
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The many short structures on the top of this cell are __________ cilia Cells that have a nuclear membrane are called ________________ eukaryotes
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The organelle that regulates calcium in muscle cells, makes lipids for membranes, and breaks down toxins in liver cells is the ____________________ Smooth ER The cytoskeleton is made of ______________ & ______________ Microfilaments microtubules
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The blue part of this phospholipid molecule stays inside the membrane away from water because it is ______________. polar nonpolar Non polar
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Tell what this molecule does “self” identification Tell what this molecule does Store and transfer energy http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Membranes/membrane.htm
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Put in order of increasing size: Organ cell organ system organism tissue _______ _________ _________ _____________ ______________ cell tissue organ organ system organism
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Name a cell part that would use this molecule It is an amino acid; ribosomes use it to make proteins Name the cell part that makes this molecule mitochondria
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Put the following cells in order of decreasing size: Bacterium Plant cell Animal cell _________ ________ _________ small smaller smallest Plant Animal Bacterium
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True or False Bacteria don’t have a CELL membrane. FALSE; All cells have a cell membrane on the outside Name one of the functions of Smooth ER Make lipids for membranes, Transports proteins, regulate calcium levels, Break down toxic substances
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Name an organelle besides the cell nucleus that has its OWN DNA Mitochondria OR chloroplasts A group of cells that work together to carry out a specific function are called a _______________ tissue
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Name this molecule found in cell membranes phospholipid Name this cell part centriole http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/cells.htm http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/4a.asp
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Name this molecule found in cell membranes glycoprotein Name this molecule ATP http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Membranes/membrane.htm Image by Riedell
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True or False Bacteria don’t have ribosomes. False; Yes, they do Ribosomes aren’t made of membranes True or False Plant cells don’t have centrioles True; at least we can’t see them
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Name an organelle besides the cell nucleus that is surrounded by a DOUBLE membrane Mitochondria OR chloroplasts A group of organs that work together to carry out a specific function are called an _______________ Organ system
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Programmed cell death or “cell suicide” for the good of the organism Apoptosis
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Name the process by which your fingers and toes formed from paddle-like structures and your tail disappeared? apoptosis http://www.mgm.ufl.edu/images/bharfe/image3.jpg http://www.nurseminerva.co.uk/tail_bud.htm
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Centrioles are only seen in __________________________ cells. Dividing animal
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Cells that need a lot of energy probably have a lot of ______________ Golgi bodies Smooth ER mitochondria centrioles mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes attached is called _____________________ Smooth ER
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A membrane that lets certain molecules pass through and not others is called _______________ Semi permeable OR selectively permeable http://www.d.umn.edu/~sdowning/Membranes/membraneImages/jpegimages/diffusionmedium.jpg
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The ___________ is the basic unit of life. cell What do ribosomes make? proteins
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Tell one way plant cells and animal cells are alike? Both: are eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane have membrane bound organelles have a cell membrane have DNA in multiple chromosomes
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Tell one way plant cells and bacterial cells are alike? Both: have a cell wall have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes
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Tell one way animal cells and bacterial cells are alike? Both: have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes
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Tell one way plant cells are different from animal cells? PLANTSANIMALS Have cell wallNO cell wall Have chloroplastsNo chloroplasts no centrioleshave centrioles Big vacuole small vacuole
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Tell one way plant cells are different from bacteria cells? PLANTSBacteria Eukaryotesprokaryotes Have chloroplastsNo chloroplasts Cellulose peptidoglycan in cell wall Big vacuole no vacuole nucleusno nucleus Membrane bound organellesNo membrane bound organelles
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Tell one way animal cells are different from bacteria cells? AnimalBacteria Eukaryotesprokaryotes No cell wall cell wall vacuole no vacuole nucleusno nucleus Membrane bound organellesNo membrane bound organelles Centriolesno centrioles
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