1. BACTERIA Courtesy of: http://4.bp.blogspot.com

2. PROTIST Courtesy of: www.cbu.edu

3. FUNGI Courtesy of www.biocourseware.com

4. PLANTS http://www.bchs.k12.va.us

5. ANIMALS Courtesy of: http://visual.merriam-webster.com

6. CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION

7. Levels of Organization Individual Cells  Tissues  Organs  Organ Systems-> Organism Courtesy of: http://academic.kellogg.edu

8. Why Cells? cells are the basic units of life Robert Hooke (mid 1600s) observed cork under a microscope came up with the term “cells” was reminded of monastery rooms Courtesy of: http://www.smithlifescience.com

9. History of Cells Antony Van Leeuwenhoek (late 1600s) – would grind up lenses and construct early microscopes – first recorded observations of bacteria from the plaque of his teeth (animalcules) Courtesy of: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu

10. Cell Theory - 1838 -1839 Schleiden (plants) & Schwann (animals) 1) All living things are composed of cells. Lead to: 2) Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. -1855 Virchow 3) New cells are produced from existing cells.

11. Spontaneous Generation SG: belief that non-living objects can give rise to living organisms 1668: Redi’s meat/maggot experiment Proved SG was wrong Courtesy of: http://biology.clc.uc.edu

12. Cell Size Small! 1 to 100 micrometers 1 um =.001 mm Surface area/volume ratio limits size Exchanges nutrients and waste through diffusion https://ca7science.wikispaces.com

13. 2 Types of Cells PROKARYOTES “before the nucleus” nucleoid is not separated from cytoplasm by a membrane Eubacteria and archaea Smaller (< 5 um) EUKARYOTES “true nucleus” animals, plants, fungi, protists Larger (10 - 100 um) membrane bound Organelles

14. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Bacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals

15. Cell Membrane isolates the cell contents from the environment regulates movement of materials into and out of the cell allows communication with other cells Seen in all cell types Courtesy of: http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://

16. Nucleus control center for cells contains DNA and chromosomes membrane bound only in eukaryotes Courtesy of: http://upload.wikimedia.org

17. Mitochondria Produce energy by aerobic respiration Powerhouse of the cell Generates ATP Eukaryotic structure unique DNA Courtesy of: http://www.google.com/

18. Cell Wall Protects and supports the cell Absent in animal cells Courtesy of:http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://biology.unm.edu

19. Chloroplast Essential for photosynthesis Plants use sunlight energy to convert carbon dioxide and water to glucose & oxygen contains Chlorophyll (pigment that absorbs sunlight) PLANTS only unique DNA Courtesy of: http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu

20. Vacuoles PLANTS – central vacuole that contains water and waste – also helps the cell support heavy structures ANIMALS – smaller vacuoles and vesicles for food storage, water,and waste Courtesy of: http://www.progressivegardens.com

21. Plants vs. Animals

22. Plants - cell walls - large central vacuole - chloroplasts Animals - centrioles - smaller vacuoles - lysosomes - cilia - flagella

23. Cell Structures – Group Activity Nucleus Nucleolus Nuclear envelope Chromatin & Chromosomes Ribosomes Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER) Cilia flagella Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes Vacuole Mitochondria Chloroplasts Cytoskeleton Cell membrane Cell Wall Centrioles