1. Fermilab Accelerator Physics Center: Mission, Goals and Organization Vladimir Shiltsev

2. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 2 FRA Initiative: Accelerator Physics Center

3. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 3 Fermilab’s Accelerator Physics Center Accelerator Physics Center Technical Division Associate Director for Accelerators Accelerator Division Director  Goal is to establish APC by Spring-early Summer 2007 - Dir./AD/TD in weekly discussions on missions & personnel assignments - PPD and CD will have to be brought at appropriate time

4. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 4  Coordinate and conduct accelerator R&D aimed at next-generation and beyond accelerator facilities  Provide accelerator physics support for existing operational programs and the evolution thereof  Train accelerator scientists and engineers  Provide leadership and coordination in establishing the necessary facilities for a broad range of accelerator R&D that can be accessed by both Fermilab staff and the world HEP community Accelerator Physics Center: Mission

5. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 5  The goal of the Accelerator Physics Center is to provide enhanced emphasis on accelerator R&D activities aimed at Fermilab’s future beyond the end of current decade.  The APC will provide both a physical location and an org. structure that can accommodate accelerator scientists and engineers, either from Fermilab or outside institutions.  The APC will contribute to improvement of performance of the existing accelerator complex, and the development of new technologies and accelerator concepts that could enable new forefront facilities beyond the current decade.  In support of this primary goal, the APC will also increase Fermilab involvement in the education of accelerator scientists and engineers. Accelerator Physics Center: Goal

6. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 6 APC: Specific Programs  Programs that will be initially organized and managed by the APC, in either a primary or supporting role, include:  Accelerator physics for Run II, Proton Plan & SuperNuMI (supporting)  Simulations, design support & beam experiments for ILC (supporting)  Development of instruments for, and coordination of participation in, commissioning, beam studies, operations, upgrades at the LHC (primary)  HINS conceptual design and accelerator physics, including design and development of experiments and test facilities (primary)  Muon collider R&D, including design and development of experiments and test facilities (primary)  Development of generic theoretical and simulation tools for advanced accelerator calculations in areas of energy deposition, beam-beam and space-charge effects, linac emittance evolution, etc. (primary, w/CD)  Designing and coordinating programs of advanced accelerator R&D at the NML facility and possibly elsewhere (primary)  Accelerator theory and education: Host the USPAS Office, Accelerator PhD program, Peoples Fellows, and other accelerator education initiatives (primary)

7. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 7 APC: Responsibilities  Following its creation the APC will assume direct responsibility for management and coordination of advanced accelerator R&D programs as described above.  The APC is not imagined as having direct operational responsibilities for beam-based test facilities  these are expected to be the responsibility of AD.  Both the AD and TD will provide engineering and technical support for APC, and AD and TD staff will participate in APC activities.  The APC will retain responsibility for coordination of inter-institutional collaborations in Adv.Accel. R&D  In particular, the APC will work closely with the Argonne Accelerator Institute to coordinate mutual undertakings in accelerator research

8. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 8 APC: People  The APC is imagined as being comprised initially of a core of directly assigned persons, derived primarily from the existing AD/Accelerator Physics Department, and augmented by significant numbers of participating staff from AD, TD, CD and PPD.  initially ~40 directly assigned and many in (…)  number of direct assignments is expected to grow as Run II ends Currently, APD: 27 people 5 groups

9. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 9 APC: Organization Structure Experimental Beam Research Education and Training APC Head Admin.Support Theory, Design & Modeling Physics Advisory Committee * * Physics Advisory Committee (under discussion): - convened by the APC Head to provide independent technical review - representatives of major APC stakeholders ; meet ~once/yr ad hoc - this internal review complements formal Lab or DoE reviews

10. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 10 APC: Components AARD at NML & others US Particle Accel.School Accelerator PhD Program Peoples Fellows HINS Group Muon Collider R&D Group APC Head Admin Support Summer Student AccPhysProgram Energy Deposition LHC Accel.Syst. ILC Beam Physics Theory & Modeling

11. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 11 Experimental AAR&D in APC  Three groups anticipated, with quite different status:  AARD at NML with 250-800 MeV e- beam no linac yet (first beam in FY07-08) AARD plan not finalized yet (ongoing) Leadership exists, the Group has to be created  High-intensity 60-90 MeV H- Linac at MDB Facility exists, 325 MHz RF power Dec’06, 1 st beam in 2007 (RFQ) R&D plan well established Group exists in AD/Accelerator Physics Department  Muon Collider R&D at MTA There is ongoing program at MTA  to be greatly expanded R&D proposal on the table Existing MC Task Force as base of the future Group  Disclaimer: these activities, on the time scale we are discussing, require FY07 funding for the Lab commen- surate with the President’s Budget request. If we are stuck with continuing resolution, many things (throughout the laboratory) could get delayed.

12. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 12 AARD Possibilities at NML  NML Linac was described above (S.Nagaitsev’s talk)  Fermilab wants to establish an AARD program at NML  Flexible beam injector needed to support various beam parameters (emittance, bunch charge, bunch length):  See M.Church & P.Piot talks Tuesday AM  Unique beam parameters anticipated:  Record high peak current 14kA possible  ~20 um bunch length and size  Beam energy upto 800 MeV  Structure: 3000 bunches or witness bunch 300 um behind  Number of AARD experiments possible in NML itself:  one at low energy (50MeV), one-two at full energy (space!)  Building extension needed to provide area for 4-7 more  not from the ILC funds

13. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 13 Input from AARD Community: Workshop  >30 participants (16 outside FNAL), ~20 talks  Focus on:  possible advanced accelerator R&D activities  infrastructure needed for that ?

14. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 14 NML AARD Workshop  Sessions chaired by K.J.Kim (ANL), J.Delayen (TJNAF), A.Mikhailichenko (Cornell)  Among very attractive proposals:  ILC crab-cavity test (low-energy beam 50 MeV)  ILC e+ SC undulator test (250-750 MeV)  “ILC “keep alive” e+ source test (>500MeV, space!)  DR for Optical Stochastic Cooling experiment 4x7 m 250 MeV DR: Cornell, MIT, LBNL, FNAL, Universities importance for HEP: LHC, Muon Collider, RHIC  upto 1GeV/m in DLA structure (small beam size)  plasma wakefield with witness bunch  ultra-bright X-ray source (3000 bunches)  new diagn (optical replica, ODR), swept laser accel., etc

15. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 15 APC: AAR&D @ NML Group  Mission:  The group takes a leading role in the design and development of beam generation and instrumentation components for the NML ILC test facility and associated Users Facility. The group is responsible for organization and carrying out research at the Users Facility and coordination of collaboration with ANL and local Universities on various beam experiments with 250-800 MeV high-brightness electron beam.  People and Collaborators:  P.Piot (FNAL/NIU) leads the activity  Several AD scientists already involved  Argonne (AAI) interested to join and participate  Lots of interest from Universities

16. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 16 High Intensity Neutrino Source R&D  One of its kind facility  Single klystron RF distribution  Very low energy RT to SC transition  Solenoidal focusing all along  Reviewed by AAC in May’2006  HINS group exists in Accelerator Physics Dept:  R.Webber leads the HINS group in the APD  G.Appolinari coordinates efforts in Technical Division  many AD&TD scientists and engineers contribute  Collaboration with ANL, BNL, LBNL

17. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 17 APC: HINS Group  Mission:  investigate accelerator physics issues and conduct experimental R&D of systems and components for an advanced concept, high intensity, high beam-quality H- Linac to support future multi-MW neutrino experiments or a muon collider; including: integration efforts to assemble and demonstrate the front end of such a Linac including β=0.2 and 0.4 SC RF structures studies of high intensity phenomena of the Main Injector and Recycler rings, including electron cloud and resistive wall instabilities, which might impact the ability to deliver beams demanded by present and future neutrino experimental programs. participation in particle tracking code development and investigation transport and injection designs for high intensity multi-GeV H- beams.

18. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 18 Muon Collider Task Force  Formed in July’06 by FNAL Director:  “… the Muon Collider represents a possible long term path for extending the energy frontier in lepton collisions beyond 1 TeV…”  MCTF formed “…to develop a plan for an advanced R&D program aimed at the technologies required to support the long term prospects of a Muon Collider…”  leaders: S.Geer and V.Shiltsev  requested for Sept’2006: ”…a report outlining a plan for developing the Muon Collider concept based on recent ideas in the realm of ionization cooling, and an associated cooling R&D plan that can be implemented starting in FY2007”  “…expect to initiate the Muon Collider study… in 2007”

19. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 19 MCTF Report (https://mctf.fnal.gov)  MCTF formed (details in S.Geer’s talk Tue AM):  FNAL(35 people), Muons Inc (5), BNL (6), LBNL(4), JLAB (5), ANL (1)  MCTF Proposal includes plan for:  Collider design studies and 6D cooling theory and simulations (talk by Yu.Alexahin Tue AM)  6D cooling and other experiments with 100’s MeV p/muon beams at Muon Test Area (A.Jansson Tue AM)  Design and development of Helical Cooling Channel magnets, 50T solenoids, MC dipoles (M.Lamm Tue AM)  MCTF activities are complimentary to NFMCC  MFMCC: MICE + MERIT + simulations  Requested funds: 2.8M$ in FY07, 4.2M$ in FY08

20. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 20 1.5 TeV c.o.m. Muon Collider Parameters for low emittance option: Energy per beam750 GeV Average luminosity3e34 cm -2 s -1 Repetition rate65 Hz Total # of muons1e11 # bunches10 β* at IP0.5 cm Transverse emittance2.1 mmmrad Proton driver power1.1 MW

21. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 21 Helical Cooling Channel & 6D Experiment @ MTA See A.Jansson’s talk Tue AM

22. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 22 APC: Muon Collider Group  Mission:  The group leads an AARD program at Fermilab to develop, in collaboration with the NFMCC, Muons Inc., BNL, and LBNL, the Muon Collider concept. The focus of the R&D is, within a few years, to develop a practical design for a low emittance Muon Collider; design, prototype and bench test a complete set of components needed for 6D cooling channel, and carry out 6D cooling demonstration experiment with beam of muons.  People and collaborators:  S.Geer is the MCTF leader  Yu.Alexahin, A.Jansson, M.Lamm, A.Bross lead parts  Muons Inc, BNL, LBNL, TJNAF, IIT, NIU, UIUC, UC

23. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 23 Theory, Design and Modeling in APC  Four groups anticipated:  ILC Beam Physics  Beam Theory and Modeling  LHC Accelerator Research  Energy Deposition  ~Similar status:  All groups exist in the AD/Accelerator Physics Department  Missions, goals and work plans exist… Groups effectively work  Strong leadership present  However, in all but ED case, similar efforts take place somewhere else at Fermilab, and corresponding APC groups will take a leading role in coordination of the efforts

24. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 24 SPS: 3D Tune & Coupling tracking Oct’06 LHC Accelerator Research @ FNAL LHC 4.8 GHz Schottky Monitors (Q, Q’, dP/P, ε) To be installed in tunnel Dec’06 R.Pasquinelli A.Jansson C.Y.Tan RHIC wires Beam-beam simulations and experiments T.Sen, V.Ranjbar

25. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 25 LHC Hardware & Beam Commissioning LHC HW Commissioners manpower profile M.Syphers - LARP “Commissioning” L2 M.Lamm (hardware), E.Harms (beam)

26. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 26 APC: LHC Accelerator Research Group  Mission:  the group coordinates all LHC-related activities supported by FNAL and LARP Accelerator Systems tasks. It takes lead in advanced accelerator simulations, development of novel instrumentation and participation in commissioning and beam studies @LHC.  People and collaborators:  T.Sen leads APD/LARP Group (+ vertical AD+L3 leader)  ~15 LARP collaborators in the rest of AD  LHC@FNAL Remote Access Room (E.Gottschauk, CD)  LAFS=LHC Accelerator Fermilab Software (CD/AD, D.McGinnis, S.Gysin, J.Patrick, E.McCrory)  FNAL TD (“Magnet” Part of LARP)  Other LARP Laboratories (BNL, LBNL, SLAC)

27. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 27 Corrected emittance average of 50 seeds Curved Linac DFS, nom.alignment ILC Main Linac Simulations K.Ranjan P.Lebrun N.Solyak  Fermilab activities include:  Error analysis and correction  Curved linac effects  CHEF code development  Code comparison  Dynamic correct  Ground motion data analysis  Currently, the effort spread all over the Lab :  Accelerator Division  Technical Division:  Computing Division A.Valishev F.Ostiguy

28. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 28  A coherent program of ground motion studies is being set:  Slow GM in Aurora mine using HLS system (dolomite layer)  Slow GM in MINOS hall using HLS  Seismometers in MINOS hall  4 HLS systems in Tevatron  Seismometers in Tev tunnel  Start RF cavity vibration studies  Investigate a stretched wire for vibration control and alignment  Possible ILC stand configurations  Cross-calibration of seismometers and vibration sensors  AD, APD, TD ILC Ground Motion Studies in Illinois J.Volk, S.Singatulin

29. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 29 APC: ILC Beam Physics Group  Mission:  The group provides beam physics support to Fermilab ILC program. It carries out beam dynamics simulations for the ILC, supports the NML facility experiments and Illinois ground motion measurement program for the ILC. The group coordinates related activities in Fermilab’s AD, TD and CD.  People and collaborators:  N.Solyak (GDE ML) and M.Church (APD)  Other dedicated scientists in APD and TD  Closer ties with CD Group (e.g. move to WH13)  AD+TD ground motion/vibration team  Other Labs

30. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 30 Accelerator Theory & Modeling @ FNAL  At present, accelerator theory & modeling expertise at FNAL is spread over:  AD/Accelerator Physics Department (slide)  Scientists in AD systems departments  Computing Division Accelerator Modeling Group (P.Spenzouris, slide)  Accelerator Physics Center “Theory and Modeling” Group will consist of the APD group augmented by few other AD scien- tists, and will work in direct collaboration with the CD AMD/CPA group.

31. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 31  Recent contributions to the Run II luminosity progress:  Helix optimization with new separators (10% more p’s @150 GeV and 10% L-lifetime)  Decoupling application for MCR  TEL1&2 for abort gap and BBC  Other projects:  MI and Booster optics on ramp  Tevatron new WP  Tevatron tune drift at 150 GeV  6D ionization cooling theory  Muon Collider design  Advanced acceleration concepts  Space charge theory  Beam-beam theory and simulations Theory Group: Current Scope of Work Yu.Alexahin V.Kamerdzhiev

32. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 32 Computing Division AM and R&D Dept.  CD/Accelerator Modeling department mission:  to develop computational accelerator physics tools  to perform simulations for for future accelerators  AMD/Computational Physics for Accelerators group has expertise in simulations of:  Space-charge  Beam-beam  Electron cloud  Linac emittance growth 3D Booster simulation including injection, rf ramping, etc. Comparison with experimental data Beam-beam code validation comparing with VEPP-II data MI e-cloud creation P.Spenzouris

33. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 33 APC: Theory & Modeling Group  Mission: The group takes a lead at Fermilab in carrying out theoretical beam dynamics calculations and development of accelerator physics models:  provides accelerator physics support to various accelerator projects, including Run II, Proton Plan-2, SNuMI  performs simulations and participates in beam studies: beam- beam and b-b-compensation project, beam optics measurements, beam instabilities, etc.  supports beam physics research for the LHC, ILC, Muon Collider  assists in education and training accelerator scientists.  People and collaborators:  Yu.Alexahin and his group  Few other accelerator physicists from Accelerator Division  More at the end of Run II  Computing Division AMD/CPA Group (expect to move to WH13)  Other Labs

34. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 34 APC: Energy Deposition Group  Mission:  TheThe ED group provides its expertise to all Fermilab accelerator projects. It also develops corresponding software tools to simulate beam induced radiation doses and provides assistance to the US and foreign community of users of these tools. In addition, the ED group develops parallel processor capabilities for advanced scientific simulations.  People and collaborators:  N.Mokhov leads the Group  3 Scientists, 2 Guests, 1 Post-doc, 1 Comp.Prof  Projects: MI,PP2,ILC,NML,LHC,HINS,MC (backup slide)  Collaboration with and expertise provided to many FNAL groups and projects, other Labs

35. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 35 APC: Accelerator Physics Education  The goals of APE Department:  consolidate existing accelerator education programs @ FNAL  attract graduate and undergraduate students  train and develop them into the accelerator scientists and technologists who will carry our field forward in the future and enhance Fermilab’s capabilities in accelerator science and related technologies.  Four existing programs:  Accelerator PhD program  US Particle Accelerator School  Accelerator Physics Summer Student program  People Fellowship program  Joint appointments/ programs:  IIT, NIU / with NIU at A0, and in RF ME  New initiative: Accelerator Education Consortium

36. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 36 Existing Programs (1)  Accelerator PhD Program (led by M.Syphers):  The Ph.D. Program works in a joint agreement with participated universities. Fermilab provides dedicated training for accelerator physicists at the Fermilab’s beam facilities and mentors to guide students through their research, while the students maintain relationships with their home institution's advisers who oversee the student's progress toward their degree.  US Particle Accelerator School (W.Barletta):  The US Particle Accelerator School provides educational programs in the field of beams and their associated accelerator technologies not otherwise available to the community of science and technology. The school conducts graduate and undergraduate level courses at U.S. universities, holding two such programs per year, one in June and one in January.

37. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 37 Existing Programs (2)  AP Summer Student Program (V.Yarba, A.Shemyakin):  The APSS program attracts graduate and undergraduate students from the US Universities and abroad to conduct accelerator research at Fermilab’s accelerators during summer months. In collaboration with US PAS and Accelerator PhD Program, the APSS program organizes accelerator physics lecture courses. The program activities are focused to attract students to join Fermilab’s Accelerator PhD programs.  In 2005 and 2006 ~10 undergraduate students in AD and TD  Peoples Fellowship Program (M.Church):  The APC will co-hosts Fermilab’s Peoples Fellowship program.  The goal of the Fellowship is to attract outstanding accelerator scientists early in their careers, both to enhance FNAL’s capabilities in accelerator science and technologies, to train and develop the accelerator scientists and technologists who will carry our field forward in the future  Recent Fellows: A.Jansson (now in staff), L.Prost (just hired)

38. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 38 Accelerator Physics PhD Production in the US Including 38 from FNAL PhD program ~ (2-3) PhDs/yr

39. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 39 US Accelerator PhDs Hired by FNAL Including 4 from FNAL PhD program

40. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 40 FNAL Accelerator Physicists since ‘96 need more!

41. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 41 New Accelerator Education Initiative  The situation with Accelerator PhD production, and particularly, those entering HEP, is worrisome:  future does not look sustainable  An informal task force formed to explore new possibilities:  Y.K.Kim, V.Yarba, S.Nagaitsev, et.al  Under consideration now - Fermilab Accelerator Education Consortium (naturally, be part of the APC):  goal is to double # of accelerator PhD students doing research at FNAL (and staying at FNAL afterward)  close involvement of local Universities: UChicago, NWU, NIU, IIT, UIUC – delegate faculty Universities match Fermilab funds/efforts  be in position to select the best students, better advertising  attract not only graduates, but also undergraduates  extended summer student programs  need more possibilities/facilities for accelerator R&D  new roles for US PAS, PhD Program, AP summer program, etc.

42. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 42Summary  Fermilab is serious about enhancing its accelerator research program; Fermi Research Alliance initiates Accelerator Physics Center  Planning for the APC is well underway: mission, goal, responsibilities and main organizational principles are set, key personnel identified  People from AD, TD, CD and PPD will migrate to / collaborate with the Accelerator Physic Center to do:  Advanced accelerator research at experimental beam facilities  Beam theory and modeling  Raise next generations of accelerator scientists  The APC will retain responsibility for coordination of inter-institutional collaborations in Adv.Accelerator R&D:  with other National Labs, Universities, international

43. backup slides

44. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 44 Three-magnet achromat is probably the best choice CESR Wiggler Optical Stochastic Cooling Test at NML

45. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 45  APD ED group projects:  MI collimation system  HINS linac shielding and levels  ILC IR energy deposition levels  NML beam dump  LHC Phase II collimation efficiencies  LHC tertiary collimators  LHC IR upgrade magnets design  Muon Collider radiation issues  MTA muon production/collection  MARS code support/development  …many more  The Group is an asset to the entire accelerator community ED Group: Current Scope of Work N.Mokhov, et.al

46. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 46 wires (2.5m long) with 7 support points Beam-beam simulations and experiments W.Fischer (BNL), T.Sen V.Ranjbar, T.Sen T.Sen

47. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 47 MANX Experiment: MTA Scheme Focusing Pion selection Target 400MeV P-beam Pion decay channel Muon beam diagnostics (position, emittance, intensity) Cooling channel (instrumented) +matching section Muon selection See A.Jansson’s talk Tue AM

48. Vladimir Shiltsev AAC December 4-6, 2006 48 FNAL PhD Program in Accelerator Physics