1. Modes of Reproduction Reproduction - the biological process by which new “offspring” are produced from their “parents” All species goal in life is to survive and reproduce to carry on their species and their genes.

2. Asexual Reproduction Asexual – The offspring is the product of one parent (no male/female) and will inherit all of the parent's characteristics-through a copy of its DNA- the offspring is a CLONE of the parent Advantage: can make lots of copies very quickly Disadvantage: no genetic variation- so no new traits will evolve

3. Asexual: Binary Fission Binary Fission The organism reproduces by duplicating its own genetic information, then splitting into two different organisms. Amoeba 1 becomes 2, then 4, then 8, then 16, 32,64,128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, Exponential population growth!

4. Asexual: SPores Spores a series of tiny circles, or spores, that contain a copy of the organism's genetic information(DNA) -which fall off, or detach, and if it lands in the right conditions-- a new organism will grow FernFungi-mushroomMoss

5. Asexual Repro: Budding Budding organism reproduces a “bud” -or grows a new organism on its base or side- and it breaks away into a new organism Hydra going through budding process Onion going through budding process- we call them bulbs

6. Sexual – The offspring is the product of two parents-one male & one female- and will inherit a mixture of the parent's characteristics- through combining DNA Advantage: offspring receives genetic diversity Disadvantage: takes longer Sexual Reproduction

7. Types of Sexual Reproduction Pollination – The transfer of pollen from the male part of a plant to the female part of a plant that results into a formation of a seed. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/nature/pollination -game.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/nature/pollination -game.html

8. Sexual- External Fertilization External Fertilization – The transfer of male genetic information to the female, where the egg is outside the female body. Male and Female never meet Female lays eggs (spawns)- goes away—Male swims by and fertilizes eggs and swims away- eggs hatch alone

9. Sexual- Internal Fertilization Internal Fertilization – The transfer of male genetic information to the female, where the egg is inside the female body. Male & Female mate- involves entire process of attracting largest & strongest mate

10. Modes of Reproduction Asexual No male/female Offspring is a clone or genetic copy of parent Sexual Male and Female mix DNA/genetic material Offspring has genetic diversity- a mix of parents DNA Binary Fission Organsim makes a copy of itself-splits in 2 Ex) Bacteria & Archea Budding Organism grows offspring out of its side Ex)Sponges, tulip, daffodill,caladiums, garlic Pollination Organism invites pollinator to spread pollen(male- anther) to the female part (pistil) of a matching flower & makes seed (embryo) Ex) Fruit trees, orchids External Fertilization Male fertilizes female's eggs outside her body Male & Female never meet each other, nor their offspring Ex)Fish Internal Fertilization Male fertilizes female's eggs inside her body Ex)Lizards, Turtles, Frogs, Birds Spores Organism makes Tiny circles that fall off & hold their DNA Ex)ferns, mushrooms, dandelions