1. Candle Making Lesson: 4.6. A : – (Readiness Standard) sequence and summarize the plot's main events and explain their influence on future. Grade: 4 (TX)

2. 2 Introduction Today’s lesson takes you to the warm and colorful world of candles. It teaches you to make your own. So have fun making them. The aim of this lesson is to sequence and summarize the lesson’s main events and explain their influence on future events. While you read, it is important for you to locate the main idea and other details that support and give information about the main idea.

3. 3  Main Idea and Details Chart:  Details are words and phrases that give information.  Remembering the details, will help us figure out the main idea of a selection.  Read each section. Answer the questions Who? What When? Where? Why? and How?  Review the answers to your questions. Those are the important details.  Use the details to tell the main idea. Before you move on....

4. 4 1.Earlier, candles were necessary for everyday life. For thousands of years and till the early 1900s they were a source of light. Candles also have a rich tradition in religious services throughout the world. 2. When light bulbs were introduced, they became a decorative item. Candles became available in a broad array of sizes, shapes and colors; consumers became interested in scented candles. 3. Originally, candles were made by dipping a wick in tallow, basically a mixture of fat and suet gathered from pigs, cows and other animals. However, the smell and soot of tallow, was extremely repulsive. Candle Making

5. 5 4. Beeswax candles, which provide a clean, pleasant smelling burn, were available in the middle ages. They were more expensive than tallow, and only the wealthy and the religious leaders could afford them. Nowadays cheaper alternatives are used. Candle Making

6. 6  What is the main idea in this lesson? a. The use of candles for religious purposes all over the world b. The use of candles for social events and glamour c. How to make candles at home d. How to decorate your home with candles Before you move on…

7. 7  Why was the original form of candles using animal fat, changed to candles using beeswax in the middle ages? a. The smell was repulsive b. It was expensive c. Religious places banned them d. The method of making them was difficult and time consuming Before you move on…

8. 8  What was the problem with beeswax candles? a. They did not burn for long b. The light they emitted (gave out) was not bright enough c. Bees had to be killed to get the wax d. They were very expensive and only the very rich could afford them Before you move on…

9. 9 4.Candle making is fun. It is also an innovative art. Homemade candles make a wonderful gift for any occasion. They make great decorations and make homes look good and spread warmth. A large part of the fun is experimenting with different color combinations and scents, as well as sizes and shapes. 5.Candle making is a fun and rewarding hobby. Candle making can even generate extra income for a family. By investing a tiny amount of effort into learning this simple, yet very rewarding hobby, you will not only end up with more beautiful and exquisite candles, but your candles will burn brighter, last longer, and smell better. Candle Making

10. 10  Which of these statements is the main idea contained in paragraph # 4? a. Modern candles come in a variety of shapes and sizes b. Homemade candles make great gifts c. Candles create warmth d. Nowadays there are scented candles Before you move on…

11. 11  Which of these statements is the main idea contained in paragraph # 5? a. Candle making is difficult b. There are many varieties of candle making kits available c. Making candles is very simple d. Candle making is a fun and rewarding hobby Before you move on…

12. 12 6.Getting started is easy with candle making kits that come with everything you need. You can find all the supplies that you need at any local craft store. Craft suppliers are making colors, decorations and fragrances readily available for homemade candles. These include the different molds, types of molds, waxes, wicks fragrances and dyes. 7. One of the most popular types of candle making molds are those made of aluminum. They are both heat resistant and durable. Aluminum molds give the candle the appearance of being professionally made. They give the finished candle a smooth and seam free surface. They are also very easy to clean and not too expensive. Candle Making

13. 13  Why are aluminum molds the best types to use? Check two reasons. a. They are durable and give a better finish to the candle b. They are cheaply available everywhere c. They can be made at home with scraps d. They are easy to clean and not expensive Before you move on…

14. 14  Here is what you will need to do. First, prepare the wax. In order to do this, a double boiler is required. If you don’t have one, you can make your own double boiler.  All you need to do is fill one large pot with water and place it on the stove. Take another smaller pot, place it on top of the larger pot, and turn the heat on.  Put the un-melted wax in the pot. Start by melting the wax, being careful not to burn it. The double boiler keeps the wax from burning. 7. Candle Making

15. 15  After the wax has melted, it is time to use the wick. Cut and trim the wicks from before, keeping it about 2 inches longer than the mold. A candle mold is basically a container that you pour hot wax into and let it cool.  Place your wick in the middle of the mold and pour in the wax. Candle Making

16. 16  The wax will need 4-6 hours to cool. Do not remove it before then. If you are having trouble removing the wax from the mold, try putting the entire thing in the freezer for about an hour and a half.  If you spray non-stick cooking spray into the mold before your pour the wax, it will be easier to remove the finished candle.  Use only oil-based fragrances for candle making. Never use water based scents. Candle Making

17. 17  Arrange these pictures in their serial order to show how candles can be made at home. a.b. c. d.. Before you move on…

18. 18 10. Selling candles can be a profitable business. Many entrepreneurs have taken the hobby of candle making and turned it into a great way to make money. Buying supplies in bulk and at discount prices help to achieve this goal. Attractive product packaging also helps too. Candle Making

19. 19  Discuss the benefits of homemade candles. Before you move on…

20. 20  Match the pictures with their correct labels. a. b. c. d. e. i. Wick ii. Finished and packaged candle iii. Double Boiler iv. Floating candle v. Molds Before you move on…

21. 21  The earliest kind of candles were made of ………………… ……. (beeswax / animal tallow).  Describe the difference between beeswax candles and animal tallow candles.  What are the things you would require to start a candle making business at home?  List the steps of candle making in their right order.  As a hobby, is candle making a profitable business, or is it a loss / waste of money? Sum it up

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