1. Eurocontrol HQ, Brussels September 13-14, 2011 Belgian Civil Aviation Auhtority General Directorate Aviation Belgian approach related to unmanned aircraft systems and their insertion into non-segregated airspace

2. Brussels September 13-14, 2011 Erika BILLEN 2 Chapter 1 : UAS flying in Belgium Research flights Test flights Commercial flights State ordered flights Chapter 2 : Test and demonstration areas Chapter 3 : Regulatory initiatives Contribution to international common effort National effort Chapter 4 : Challenges for the future Technical challenges Legal challenges Chapter 5 : Conclusions

3. Brussels September 13-14, 2011 Erika BILLEN 3 1.Research flights : Universities and scientific institutes : biology & environment 2.Test flights : Companies : aircraft, payloads on aircraft, software 3.Commercial flights : Not yet allowed (aerial work) 4.State ordered flights : Under development : Emergency response Preventive measures Surveillance Chapter 1 : UAS flying in Belgium

4. Brussels September 13-14, 2011 Erika BILLEN 4 Chapter 2 : Test and demonstration areas 1.Test area : 1 operational for testing aircraft 2 under construction for testing payloads 2.Demonstration area : 1 operational for demonstrating aircraft performances, payloads and software 3 under construction for demonstrating aircraft performances Areas also used for training of future operators

5. Brussels September 13-14, 2011 Erika BILLEN 5 Chapter 3 : Regulatory initiatives 1.Contribution to international common effort : JARUS : develops specifications for rotorcraft UAS (airworthiness, safety requirements, operational requirements, flight crew licensing) EUROCAE WG 73 SG 4 : develops technical requirements for light UAS (< 150kg) Eurocontrol initiatives (specifications, safety cases, etc.) 2.National effort : Development of appropriate national legal framework for use of UAS in Belgian airspace

6. Brussels September 13-14, 2011 Erika BILLEN 6 Chapter 4 : Challenges for the future 1.Technical challenges : See and avoid – sense and avoid – detect and avoid Transponder or other means to be seen on the radarscreen Night flights Meteo conditions Frequency management Loss of GPS signal

7. Brussels September 13-14, 2011 Erika BILLEN 7 Chapter 4 : Challenges for the future 2.Legal challenges : No common understanding of terminology Not enough expertise in hands of authorities to oversee all the different types of airframes and their specific needs and risks No specifications for certification of airworthiness available No specifications for operator training and licensing available No air traffic management regulations available How to facilitate domestic / international flights ?

8. Brussels September 13-14, 2011 Erika BILLEN 8 Chapter 5 : Conclusions Today, still lot of work to do. Need for appropriate legal framework because case by case approach is very timeconsuming and can lead to disruption of equal rights Keep in mind special features – specific needs of UAS Understand specific applications – scenarios Find good balance between regulation and realistic procedures for smooth integration of UAS in air transport system => Have a good flight !

9. Thanks for your attention Questions & Answers Belgian CAA Erika BILLEN erika.billen@mobilit.fgov.be +32/(0)2/277.43.26