1. 1st Nine Weeks Study Guide

2. Key Terms
Historical Interpretation- The process of finding meaning or significance of historical events; historians add their analysis of events to the facts they have judged to be true. 
Primary Source - Documents and other types of evidence created by people who were present during the event or era. (journals, photos, official documents, music)
Secondary Source- Books or commentaries from people who were not present at past events or alive during that era. (movies, textbooks, encyclopedias)

3. Key Terms
Colony- A group of people who settle in a distant land but are still ruled by the government of their native land.
Burgess- An elected representative.
Charter- A legal document giving certain rights to a person or company.

4. Key Terms
Mercantilism- A Nation becomes strong by placing strict control over trade.
“Whosoever commands the trade of the world commands the riches of the world.”
Apprentice- A person who learns a skill or trade from a master craftsman.
Bill of Rights- A written list of freedoms the government promises to protect

5. Why study history? History helps us to develop empathy for others.
Makes us aware of problems faced by others
Helps us understand other’s hardships
Gives us a better awareness of our own difficulties
History makes us better thinkers.
Process of investigating what happened long ago
Involves analyzing and making judgments
Requires critical reasoning skills

6. Why study history? History helps us to avoid errors of the past.
Gives us examples of failure by others
Reveals mistakes made by others
Is a warning system to not repeat previous mistakes
History is interesting.
A puzzle or a mystery
Exciting and Challenging
Like detective work

7. Jamestown and Plymouth
Challenges faced by the settlement:
Mosquitos faced disease
Low moral, not willing to work.
Starvation
Government:
The House of Burgesses started representative government in the colonies.
Jamestown
Successes of the settlement:
Native Americans tought them how to grow native food crops
The Mayflower compact was written to establish laws for the general good of the colony.
Plymouth

8. Great Awakening and the Enlightenment
THE GREAT AWAKENING
Religious movement in the Colonial Era.
Created splits in old churches and new churches were formed, not all people supported it.
Helped spread democratic feelings in the Colonies, it paved the way for Revolution.
THE ENLIGHTENMENT
A movement that emphasized reason and logic.
People learned through observation and experimentation.
Thinking more critically and in depth.

9. Compare and Contrast life in the cities and life in the country.
Life in the City
Crowded
Buildings and streets
Jobs were available
People socialized at taverns and restaurants
Life on the Farms
Less populated
Farm houses and tracts of land
Families usually work on their own farms
Busy days filled with work from sun up to sundown.

10. The trial of John Peter Zenger.
John Peter Zenger was a newspaper editor that was arrested for libel. He printed an article in a newspaper that contained false information about the governor. He was put on trial and found not guilty, the information was proved to be true.
This case marked the beginning for the 1st amendment right of freedom of the press.

11. Three Regions of the Thirteen Colonies
New England
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island

12. Three Regions of the Thirteen Colonies
Middle
New Jersey
Delaware
New York
Pennsylvania

13. Three Regions of the Thirteen Colonies
Southern
Virginia
Maryland
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia

14. Format 40 questions All multiple choice Key terms- used in context
Graphic Organizers- use as reference to infer, complete the missing information, used in a process (cause and effect)
Maps- Analysis skills

15. Format
Photo Analysis- make a claim and connections related to content.
Cold reads- Use your knowledge of content to think critically about a reading selection.

16. Practice: Observe, Infer, and Conclude- Photo Analysis
What claim might a historian make about Columbus based on this picture?

17. Practice: Analyzing excerpts, quotes, and documents
The Mayflower Compact by William Bradford November 11, 1620 The Mayflower Compact was drawn up on the Mayflower, under these circumstances as described by Gov. William Bradford: "This day, before we came to harbour, observing some not well affected to unity and concord, but gave some appearance of faction, it was thought good there should be an association and agreement, that we should combine together in one body, and to submit to such government and governors as we should by common consent agree to make and choose, and set our hands to this that follows, word for word. . ."

18. Practice: Analyzing excerpts, quotes, and documents
IN THE name of God, Amen. We whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France and Ireland king, defender of the faith, etc., having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and honor of our king and country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the Northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents solemnly and mutually in the presence of God, and one of another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute, and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions, and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the colony, unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. In witness whereof we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape-Cod the 11 of November, in the year of the reign of our sovereign lord, King James, of England, France, and Ireland the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth. Anno Domine 1620.

19. Tips for Multiple Choice
Carefully read the stem.
Note key words, clues, phrases.
Carefully read all of the answers.
Eliminate answers that are obviously wrong.
Make sure your answer completes the statement or correctly answers the question.

20. Tips for Map Questions
Identify the title, compass rose, key and scale.
Determine what kind of information is presented.
Read the multiple choice question.
Decide which part of the map will help you answer the questions.
Answer the question in your own words without looking at the choices.
Eliminate wrong choices, then select the best answer.

21. Main Idea in a Reading Passage
Read the title of the passage.
Read carefully the entire passage.
Identify the topic sentence and highlight.
Highlight supporting details.
Read your answer choices.
Use your evidence to select the best answer