1. 1948 - 2011 A NEW SOCIETY Lecture 5

2. GENERAL OUTLINE 1)Australians & New Australians –Assimilation vs. integration 2)THE CHALLENGE OF THE BABY BOOMERS –education –Freedom of choice 3)CULTURAL CHANGE –Cosmopolitan changes –International ambitions

3. 1)AUSTRALIANS & NEW AUSTRALIANS ASSIMILATION –The principle of blend & forget –British – not European culture –Adopting the British traditions INTEGRATION –The principle of co-existing cultures –Distinct communities and parallel practices –Adapting visions & traditions

4. 2)THE CHALLENGE OF THE BABY BOOMERS EDUCATION –Tertiary education as the main goal –Universities & technical colleges –The « good life » generation FREEDOM OF CHOICE –Employment opportunities –Leisure & lifestyles –The urge to travel

5. 3) CULTURAL CHANGE COSMOPOLITAN CHALLENGES –URBAN CONTRASTS Leisure & cultural activities The growing impact of the media A changing city landscape INTERNATIONAL AMBITIONS –Growing sense of independence (from the UK) –1986 Australia Act = independent at last –The rise of the Labor Party –1972-75 Whitlam –1983-1996 Hawke & Keating –The emergence of multiculturalism

6. 3) CULTURAL CHANGE Patriotism vs. nationalism Nationalism (strongly identifying with one’s nation, its peculiar characteristics and people … also leading to the extremist belief that one’s country is superior to others) => right-wing, exclusive vision of society, historical revisionism Patriotism (being devoted to one’s country) => progressive view, inclusive vision of society, acceptance and amends for past errors in history (learn and accept the past in order to try and improve the future)

7. 3) CULTURAL CHANGE Can you be proud of being Australian today without being a nationalist nor an extremist? Yes, … because

8. MULTICULTURAL AUSTRALIA THE PRINCIPLE (adopted in 1973 under Whitlam): –Cultural difference as a right PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS –Recognizing & sustaining difference to promote cohesion 1985 Ayers Rock handed back to Aborigines (Uluru) THE CHALLENGES - Reconciling past and present 1956 Olympic Games in Melbourne 1986 Australia Act (independent at last) 1988 bicentennial (Brisbane 88) with debates concerning the place of Aborigines 1993 Native Title Act (land back to Aborigines) 1996 John Howard – elected Prime Minister (conservative) 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney 2007 Kevin Rudd – elected Prime Minister (Labor) Dec. 2009 Copenhagen conference on climate change 24 June 2010 Julia Gillard – elected Prime Minister (Labor)