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Phoenix Convention Center Phoenix, Arizona Integrating Behavioral Change into Energy and Water Management Track 9: Institutional Change Session 2 Rick.

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Presentation on theme: "Phoenix Convention Center Phoenix, Arizona Integrating Behavioral Change into Energy and Water Management Track 9: Institutional Change Session 2 Rick."— Presentation transcript:

1 Phoenix Convention Center Phoenix, Arizona Integrating Behavioral Change into Energy and Water Management Track 9: Institutional Change Session 2 Rick Diamond & Christopher Payne, LBNL Amy Wolfe, ORNL August 11, 2015

2 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 2 Outline of Roundtable 1.Goal: Organizational Change 2.A Look at Behavior 3.A Model for Behavior Change 4.Framework: Roles, Rules, & Tools 5.Eight Principles 6.Three Case Studies 7.Scenarios & Role Playing

3 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade After attending this session, attendees will understand: 1.The basic model for Organizational Behavior Change 2.A framework for diagnosing how to implement an action plan for institutional change, and the “Roles, Rules, and Tools” rubric for customizing an action plan 3.8 principles for organizational change, and how to apply them 4.Fundamentals of how to learn from case studies and apply this material for their needs in their own workplace environments 5.Benefits of sharing experiences with peers about how they have worked in these areas previously Learning Outcomes

4 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 4 Goal for Institutional Change “ To go beyond individual awareness and actions and move towards a changed organizational culture, by creating a durable sustainability ethic and a sustainable way of operating the physical infrastructure of agencies. ”

5 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 5 1. What do we mean by “ Behavior ” ? A) Everyone knows what it means B) No one knows what it means C) Some people know what it means D) Other: E) All of the above

6 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 6 2. What are the Drivers of Behavior? A)Deities B)Economics C)Sociology, Psychology, Anthropology, etc. D)Biology E)All of the above

7 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 7 3. Do people need more information to change behavior? A)People lack information on what to do B)People may know what to do--but there may be other reasons why they choose not to act C)People need to be engaged before they can act D)People can change behavior without knowing why.

8 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 8 #4. Real time feedback is important When does feedback work? A)Prius riders are a captive audience, with immediate feedback on their actions B)Homeowners may be captive, but not motivated to act on information C)Office workers may be neither captive nor motivated D)Individuals may choose to ignore information if it is not perceived as having value to them

9 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 9 #5. Is it Easy to Change Behavior? People will change if: A)They are motivated to change B)They have the ability to change C)The context or culture supports the change D)If a trigger is present E)All of the above

10 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 10 Change Model Individual Behavior Change = Motivation * Ability * Trigger

11 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 11 Change Model Institutional Change = Motivation * Ability * Culture And sometimes a T (trigger) is needed

12 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Process for Change 12

13 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Roles, Rules, & Tools 13 A Framework for Change

14 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 14 Roles, Rules and Tools What are the roles – especially the key roles – and their essential connectedness to system functioning. Understanding the formal and informal rules – or their absence – that facilitate or impede what practitioners are trying to do in their organizations. Describing and evaluating the tools — systems, processes, and physical equipment — that practitioners have and don’t have to do their work

15 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 15 Roles Who are the players that impact sustainability? What are their roles, implicit and explicit? What influences these players to change their behavior to further sustainability?

16 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 16 Roles (Examples) Chief Sustainability Officer Procurement Specialist Building Operator

17 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 17 Rules What are the rules that impact sustainability? How are they enforced? What is penalty--if any--for failure to implement the rules?

18 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 18 Rules (Examples) Use of ESPC for renewables under power purchase agreements Purchase by individuals of alternate transportation fuels Procurement of green-preferred products Selection of A&E teams for new design and retrofits Building operator training

19 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 19 Tools What are the tools usually employed? How can they be made more effective? What additional tools are needed in the toolbox?

20 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 20 Tools (Examples) Standard business practices and procedures Education, training, & feedback Modeling, recognition, and award Many others

21 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Using the Framework The RR&T Framework is a diagnostic tool To apply it you need to: – Engage – Educate – Enable Ways to do this are the 8 Principles 21

22 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Evidence based principles for helping bring about organizational change 22 Eight Principles of Change

23 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Institutions and people change because they see or hear of others behaving differently Example: A social network study showed a strong relationship between adoption of solar technology and the number of nearby previously installed systems, indicating social factors in adoption (Graziano & Gillingham 2014) 1. Social Network and Communications Principle So make sure staff see or hear about others who have changed their office settings or patterns of behavior.

24 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Institutions and people almost always change their ways of doing things for more than one reason Example: At a Navy base in Japan, a FEMP award winner gained the support of maintenance and procurement staff for light-emitting capacitor (LEC) exit signs because they lasted longer and reduced effort for replacement—and were more energy efficient 2. Multiple Motivations Principle So make different and combined appeals.

25 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 3. Leadership Principle: commitment Institutions and people change because the workplace rules change and visible leadership communicates management Example: At the CDC, the Director led the stair walks that were part of the sustainability connection between health and “green” efforts. So be visible and demonstrate commitment

26 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 4. Commitment Principle Institutions and people change when they make definite commitments, especially when those commitments relate to future conditions. Example: Partnering with a California utility, assessors asked homeowners to commit to a time when they would undertake an energy-efficiency project; this resulted in 3-4 times more projects undertaken. (Mackenzie-Mohr and Smith, 1999) So ask for specific commitments. My To-Do List Call re weatherstripping Dec 11 th J. Smith R. Jones Homeowner Assessor

27 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 5. Information and Feedback Principle Institutions and people change because they receive actionable information and feedback. Example: In 19 sets of data from experimental studies, households were informed frequently (usually daily) about how much energy they were using, resulting in up to 20% energy use reductions. So provide tools and resources tailored to specific workplace situations.

28 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 6. Infrastructure Principle Institutions and people change because a changed infrastructure makes new behaviors easy and/or desirable. Example: Interventions, including prompts and enhanced aesthetics, visibility, and accessibility of the stairwell, resulted in an 8.2% increase in stair use (van Nieuw-Amerongen et al. 2009). So change defaults (temp, printer settings, walkability, etc.) and provide motivations and incentives to use infrastructure differently (e.g., special status/benefits for van pool and public transportation users).

29 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 7. Social Empowerment Principle Institutions and people who feel they can reach desirable social goals often do. Example: The US Postal Service’s 630+ Lean Green collaborate across functions to identify and implement low- and no-cost ways to conserve natural resources, purchase fewer consumable products, and reduce waste of all kinds. So involve people in program design and processes.

30 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 8. Continuous Change Principle Institutional change takes time. Example: the length of the pilot or trial period influences the length of the change. After one three- year study, people no longer remembered the changes they had made—they were ingrained. (Darby 2006) So plan for the multi-year process.

31 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 1.Navy 2.USPS 3.Fish & Game 31 Three Case Studies

32 Principles The Navy applied three social science principles: 1.Social Network & Communications 2.Leadership 3.Information & Feedback Roles, Rules, and Tools Roles were the newly defined “Building Energy Monitors,” who serve as contact points for communication with the core energy management team. The tools included monthly energy reports, that pointed out energy anomalies and increased awareness about energy consumption. Navy Achieved 50% Savings through integration of Technology and Behavior

33 Lean Green Teams saved the US Postal Service more than $41M in FY 2011 Roles, Rules, and Tools Roles: USPS created cross-functional teams rather than individuals; the idea is that, in their roles as building inhabitants, drivers, water and consumer product users, and waste disposers, staff can work together to create a conservation culture that results in energy and waste savings. Principles Applied The USPS activities applied four social science principles: 1.Leadership 2.Commitment 3.Information & Feedback, and 4.Social Empowerment

34 Fish and Wildlife Service achieves savings through “field level up” strategies Roles, Rules, and Tools David Guthrie created a network of energy managers that all have clearly defined roles and responsibilities. His tools that include training of energy managers, checklists for meeting FWS guidelines, tracking databases for energy and water consumption, and presentations Principles Applied The FWS applied three social science principles: 1.Social Networking & Communications, 2.Leadership, and 3.Social Empowerment.

35 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Introduce yourself to your neighbor Pick a suggested scenario or one of your own Apply the strategies from the session 35 Small Group Activities

36 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Tips & Strategies 1.Don’t try to use all 8 Principles for one application 2.Do investigate all 3 elements in the RR&T framework 3.Think of ways to engage, educate and enable at each step 4.Have fun. 36

37 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Scenarios A.Getting workers to use alternate fuels B.Changing the culture for green procurement C.Engaging staff in recycling and waste reduction D.Shutting of lights and computers E.Wild card 37

38 Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Resources FEMP Institutional Change Web page: http://energy.gov/eere/femp/institutional- change-sustainability Contact: Rick Diamond rcdiamond@lbl.govrcdiamond@lbl.gov Christopher Payne ctpayne@lbl.govctpayne@lbl.gov Amy Wolfe wolfeak@ornl.govwolfeak@ornl.gov 38


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