1. EXPLORATION & EXPANSION Chapter 13 Wieczerzak

2. What was their motives for exploring? GLORYGOD GOLD

3. Why did Europe need a cheaper trade route to Asia? ?

4. Museum of St. Sophia (Hagia Sophia). Istanbul, Turkey Cut out the middle man!

5. What products did the European merchants want from the East? Spices Preserve & flavor foods/ medicinal/ perfumes Precious metals. Of course!

6. What country took the lead in exploration? Portugal 1420 Prince Henry The Navigator sponsored sailors to sail along the coast of Africa. EAST

7. The Gold Coast Discovered a new source of gold.

8. Portuguese Bartholomeu Dias 1488 Rounded the southern tip of Africa Cape of Good Hope

9. Portuguese Vasco Da Gama (1498) First of many profitable trips!

10. Portuguese gained control of the spice trade 1509 Portuguese destroyed a Turkish (Muslim) & Indian fleet off the coast of India Portuguese seized control of the port of Melaka. (set up trading posts) This helped destroy Arab control of the spice trade.

11. What new technology did these explorers use to aid them on their trips? AstrolabeCaravel Cartography – map makingCompass

12. Spain’s search for spices In 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue… set sail for Asia by traveling WEST Christopher Columbus 4 trips!!! Hispaniola Isles of the Caribbean

13. How did the Spanish & Portuguese avoid any problems over land claims? Pope Alexander VI set a Line of Demarcation, giving to Spain rights to any land west of the line and to Portugal, rights to any land east of the line.

14. What were the Spanish conquerors of the Americas called? Conquistadors Hernan Cortes Francisco Pizarro

15. Spanish Empire Encomienda Native Americans were used for laborers. On the plantations and mines. Violence Forced labor Starvation Disease Wiped out nearly all of the Native Americans.

16. The Slave Trade What discovery brought about the need for more slaves? (think: exploration!) The discovery of the Americas in the 1490’s. Sugarcane plantations

17. Triangular trade

18. What was the Purpose of the triangular trade. Provided a market for: 1 – European goods to (Africa). 2 - Slaves from Africa to (the Americas). 3 – Raw materials from the Americas to (Europe).

19. Growth of slave trade In roughly 300 years some 10-11 million Africans were brought to the Americas as slaves. Why so many? The Middle Passage! Death rates on the trip over and the need to replenish their workforce How did they get there?

20. How did the slave trade effect the people of Africa? Depopulated large areas. Increased warfare. Destroyed families.