1. BACTERIA

2. Characteristics of Bacteria
Did you know that billions of tiny organisms too small to be seen surround you? These organisms, called bacteria are microscopic prokaryotes. You might recall that a prokaryote is a unicellular organism that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
Bacteria live in almost every habitat on Earth, including the air, glaciers, the ocean floor and in soil. A teaspoon of soil can contain between 100 million and 1 billion bacteria. Bacteria also live in or on almost every organism, both living and dead. Hundreds of species of bacteria live on your skin. In face, your body contains more bacterial cells than human cells! The bacteria in your body outnumber human cells by 10 to 1!
From textbook page 253

3. BACTERIA Bacteria like a warm, dark, and moist environments.
They are found almost everywhere:
-water -air
-soil -food
-skin
-inside the body
-on most objects

4. How do bacteria get in the body?
Air
Droplets containing microbes fly into the air when people sneeze or cough. The microbes they contain get into other people if breathed in.
Chicken pox, colds, flu, measles and tuberculosis are spread like this.
Animals
Animals may carry harmful microbes. The microbes can get into a person who is scratched or bitten by such an animal. Malaria is a tropical disease spread by a tiny fly called a mosquito.
Food
Food can have harmful microbes in and on it. The microbes get into the body when the food is eaten, causing food poisoning. Thorough cooking kills most microbes, but they can survive under-cooking. Careless handling of food increases the risk from harmful microbes.
Touch
Microbes can be passed from one person to another when people touch each other, or when they touch something an infected person has handled. Athlete's foot is spread like this.
Bacteria on the skin can be killed by antiseptics, and bacteria on surfaces can be killed by disinfectants. Washing your hands reduces the chance of spreading microbes.
Water
Water can have harmful microbes in it. The microbes get into the body when the water is swallowed. Cholera is a disease caused by a bacterium that spreads like this. Thorough boiling or adding chlorine to the water can reduce the chance of spreading microbes in this way

5. Round or Sphere-shaped
Rod-shaped
3 Shapes of Bacteria
Round or Sphere-shaped
Spiral-shaped

6. 7 Major Structures of a Bacteria Cell
Capsule
Cell wall
Ribosomes
Nucleoid
Flagella
Pilli
Cytoplasm

7. 7 Major Structures of a Bacteria Cell
Capsule
keeps the cell from drying out and helps it stick to food or other cells

8. 7 Major Structures of a Bacteria Cell
Cell wall
Thick outer covering that maintains the overall shape of the bacterial cell

9. 7 Major Structures of a Bacteria Cell
Ribosomes
cell part where proteins are made
Ribosomes give the cytoplasm of bacteria a granular appearance in electron micrographs

10. 7 Major Structures of a Bacteria Cell
Nucleoid
a ring made up of DNA

11. 7 Major Structures of a Bacteria Cell
Flagella
a whip-like tail that some bacteria have for locomotion

12. Pilli 7 Major Structures of a Bacteria Cell
hollow hair-like structures made of protein
allows bacteria to attach to other cells.
Pilli-singular
Pillus-plural

13. 7 Major Structures of a Bacteria Cell
Cytoplasm
clear jelly-like material that makes up most of the cell

14. Reproduction of Bacteria
Asexual reproduction- reproduction of a living thing from only one parent
Fission- Type of asexual reproduction. Cell division that forms two genetically identical cells.
www-raider.stjohns.k12.fl.us/.../ sv16.html

15.                                                                            1
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
Harmful Bacteria
Human tooth with accumulation of bacterial plaque (smooth areas) and calcified tartar (rough areas)

16. Harmful Bacteria
Bacteria can also cause infections such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, meningitis and strep throat.
Eating food that is contaminated by some bacteria can cause food poisoning.

17. Bacteria grow in the stomach of a cow to break down grass and hay
Helpful Bacteria
Decomposers help recycle nutrients into the soil for other organisms to grow
Bacteria grow in the stomach of a cow to break down grass and hay
Most are used to make antibiotics
Some bacteria help make insulin
Used to make industrial chemicals

18. E.coli on small intestines
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
Helpful Bacteria
E.coli on small intestines

19. foods like yogurt, cottage & Swiss cheese, sour cream, buttermilk
Helpful Bacteria
Used to treat sewage          
Organic waste is consumed by the bacteria, used as nutrients by the bacteria, and is no longer present to produce odors, sludge, pollution, or unsightly mess.
foods like yogurt, cottage & Swiss cheese, sour cream, buttermilk
are made from
bacteria that grows
in milk

20. BLUE-GREEN BACTERIA
Autotrophs – make their own food through photosynthesis
larger than most bacterial cells
commonly grow on water and surfaces that stay wet…such as rivers, creeks and dams
Some live in salt water, snow, and acid water of hot springs
food source for animals that live in the water

21. BLUE-GREEN BACTERIA can be toxic to humans and animals
Blooms- occur when the bacteria multiplies in great numbers and form scum on the top of the water

22.                                                                            1
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
                                                                           1
The End