1. 2 TYPES OF BACTERIA: Bacteria - Get food from an outside source
Cyanobacteria - Make their own food
Bacteria - small one celled monerans
Bacteria like a warm, dark, and moist environment
They are found almost everywhere:
-water -air
-soil -food
-skin inside the body
-on most objects

2. Bacteria are classified by shape into 3 groups:
3 Shapes of Bacteria
Bacteria are classified by shape into 3 groups:
Spiral
spirilla
Rod-Shaped bacilli, bacillus
Round
cocci

3. Leptospira interrogans – (spirilla)
Bacillus anthracis – (bacillus) – causes the disease anthrax in livestock (cows)
3 Shapes of Bacteria
Neisseria meningitidis (coccus) – causes meningitis, a life threatening disease where the brain becomes inflammed
Leptospira interrogans – (spirilla)

4. Reproduction of Bacteria
Binary Fission - the process of one organism dividing into two organisms
Fission is a type of asexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction- reproduction of a living thing from only one parent
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5. Reproduction of Bacteria
The time of reproduction depends on how desirable the conditions are
Bacteria can rapidly reproduce themselves in warm, dark, and moist conditions
Some can reproduce every 20 minutes
(one bacteria could be an ancestor to one million bacteria in six hours)

6. Bacteria Survival
Endospore -
a thick celled structure that forms inside
the cell
they are the major cause of food poisoning
allows the bacteria to survive for many years
they can withstand boiling, freezing, and extremely dry conditions
it encloses all the nuclear materials
and some cytoplasm

7. 3 ways to control bacteria:
Controlling Bacteria
3 ways to control bacteria:
1) Canning - the process of sealing food in airtight cans or jars after killing bacteria
* endospores are killed during this process
2) Pasteurization - process of heating milk to kill harmful bacteria
3) Dehydrating-removing water from food
* Bacteria can’t grow when H2O is removed
example: uncooked noodles & cold cereal

8. - Lyme disease - cholera - bubonic plague - Tuberculosis - salmonella
Harmful Bacteria
Pathogenic bacteria – bacteria which cause disease. Enter a body and take nutrients from the host or produce toxins
- Lyme disease cholera
- bubonic plague Tuberculosis
- salmonella
Communicable Disease – Disease passed from one organism to another

9. Bacteria grow in the stomach of a cow to break down grass and hay
Helpful Bacteria
Decomposers help recycle nutrients into the soil for other organisms to grow
Bacteria grow in the stomach of a cow to break down grass and hay
Many are used to make
antibiotics that can treat
bacterial diseases
Some bacteria help make insulin that help people with diabetes
Used to make industrial chemicals

10. Helpful Bacteria Used to treat sewage
Organic waste is consumed by the bacteria, used as nutrients by the bacteria, and is no longer present to produce odors, sludge, pollution, or unsightly mess.
foods like yogurt, cottage & Swiss cheese, sour cream, buttermilk are made from bacteria that grows in
milk

11. Controlling Bacteria
Antiseptic vs. Disinfectants
Antiseptic- chemicals that kill bacteria on living things
means – “against infection”
Examples: iodine, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, soap, mouthwash
Disinfectants - stronger chemicals that destroy bacteria on objects or nonliving things

12. BLUE-GREEN BACTERIA can be toxic to humans and animals
Blooms- occur when the bacteria multiplies in great numbers and form scum on the top of the water