1. Open Days - 9 th European Week of Regions and Cities Smart Growth as a Reformation of Urban and Regional Policy (Evidence from the US) James W. Scott University of Eastern Finlandj James.scott@uef.fi

2. Objectives Understand how social agendas and sustainable urban development are being supported under complex political and economic conditions De-code urban reform in terms of a politics of space (political cultures, value systems, political- economic formations and planning traditions). Develop alternatives/complements to pre-defined grand theory

3. Smart Growth as Incrementalist Urban Regeneration.. Piecing together of a more equitable agenda of sustainable development by working within and influencing market logics Developing a greater democratic self-consciousness in regard to urban life and the appropriation of urban spaces SG aims to change rules that define urban development logics and markets Aims to develop a forum for local social policies

4. Practices: Smart Growth,Rule Changing and Coalitions (US case) Regional visioning processes Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Collaborative policy development Regionalism through fund-sharing and federal-local partnerships State government as policy advocate Public-private-partnerships, intense private sector involvement Civil Society Involvement

5. Portland and Smart Growth New concept of centrality Higher density activity zones in suburban areas Public-transit oriented growth Preservation of open space A mix of uses and living options in urban regions

6. Affordable Neighbourhoods in Seattle

7. Mixed Housing Options through Value Capture

8. SG is Contested, Controversial On the right: Public-choice conservatives, libertarians and others see SG as an assault on basic American values and democracy (creeping socialism) On the left: SG is elitist and discriminatory movement that can be exposed as false reform: it raises housing prices for low-income groups, gentrifies core areas and excludes the underprivileged

9. More Positively: A learning process is taking place; rules are changing with regard to zoning, regional planning, need for co- operation Changes in values also evident that are bringing social issues in to urban regeneration BUT a national urban agenda is needed that supports Smart Growth regionally Social equity requires intergovernmental solutions