1. An introduction to A Novel Cell Equalizer Topology for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Storage System Kun Zhuge kzhuge@uwaterloo.ca

2. Overview Significance of Cell Equalization Battery Model Novel Topology Analysis Simulation Result Conclusion

5. Significance of Cell Equalization A battery of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) consists of a long string of cells (typically 100 cells, about 360V) Cost: 500$/KW for a typical 16KWh battery, which can provide about 80KM in urban area, surcharge of $5000 Cycle life and calendar life: –500 cycles of 80% the capacity –Expecting 6000-7000 cycles for future PHEV Safety: –Safety improvement of the system if there is continuously monitoring the cell current, voltage and temperature

6. Battery Model [1]. Accurate Electrical Battery Model Capable of Predicting Runtime and I-V Performance, Min Chen, Student Member, IEEE, and Gabriel A. Rinc´on-Mora, Senior Member, IEEE, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION, VOL. 21, NO. 2, JUNE 2006

7. Cell Equalization Topology Current Ieq will flow in or out of the battery through the inductor “Control” of the system monitors the battery voltage and responses to equalize the battery voltage by turning on or off the switches

8. Cell Equalization Topology Optimal choice: One equalizer unit is limited to four to five cells Low cost constraint Voltage margin to improve the reliability

9. Cell Equalization Formula

11. Cell Equalization

13. VOC estimation Ieq: equalizing current, active only at To and interrupted after T1 : is one at To and zero thereafter : is the battery pack current / : are the dynamic resistances / : are constants

14. Conclusion In summary, the feasibility of the novel battery cell equalizer was explored Cell equalization does contribution to battery cost, battery life and cycle, and battery safety

15. Reference [1]. Accurate Electrical Battery Model Capable of Predicting Runtime and I-V Performance, Min Chen, Student Member, IEEE, and Gabriel A. Rinc´on-Mora, Senior Member, IEEE, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION, VOL. 21, NO. 2, JUNE 2006 [2]. Feasibility Analysis of a Novel Cell Equalizer Topology for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy-Storage System, Pablo A. Cassani, Student Member, IEEE, and Sheldon S. Williamson, Member, IEEE, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 58, NO. 8, OCTOBER 2009 [3]. Design, Testing, and Validation of a Simplified Control Scheme for a Novel Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Battery Cell Equalizer, Pablo A. Cassani, Student Member, IEEE, and Sheldon S. Williamson, Member, IEEE, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 57, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2010

16. Thanks! Q&A