1. Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology
Building of Tomorrow
Hans-Günther Schwarz
Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology
(based on a presentation by Herbert Greisberger,
Austrian Society for Environment and Technology, ÖGUT)
Hans-Günther SChwarz | RD&D Programme “Building of Tomorrow”, Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology, Austria

2. Outline Background of building energy technology
RD&D programme “Building of Tomorrow” (Austria)
Concept, demonstration sites and outcomes
Further options and needs in building R&D policy

3. Energy Efficiency Potential
Industry
Economic growth fuels higher demand for goods and services
A need for novel basic processes in energy intensive industry
Transport
Limited social acceptance for demand measures
Hydrogen, electric propulsion, bio-fuels
Buildings
Passive houses offer higher comfort with low energy demand
Efficient technologies based on renewables available
=> The buildings sector is the most promising area for increasing energy efficiency and lowering CO2 impact

4. Building energy technology - background construction industry – low R&D investments
Low private R&D investments in % of turnover
Fragmented industry; mostly SME; lack of innovation
Energy demand is not a main driver in building R&D
Very limited international competition in building industry
Few countries run R&D programmes for building technologies
Ongoing R&D focuses on incremental improvements
Nevertheless: sustainable building energy technologies have been developed in recent years

5. RD&D Programme “Building of Tomorrow” state of the art and aims (1999)
User and ser-vice aspects: comfort, aging, multifunctional
Low energy solar house
Renewable energy
Building of
Tomorrow
Passive house technology
Energy efficiency
Ecological building materials and systems
Building ecology, Re-newable raw materials
Comparable invest-costs

6. Aim of “Building of Tomorrow” an example
Innovative residential, offices, commercial buildings
considerable reduction of energy & material consumption
substantial use of renewable sources of energy and renewable and ecologically sound materials
taking into account social aspects and cost efficiency
high market potential
“Building of Tomorrow” is a mission-oriented top-down programme covering basic research, applied research and demonstration projects;
Competitive calls and international evaluation of proposals implemented to secure quality of R&D

7. Research Strategy “Building of Tomorrow” basic research, applied research and demonstration
Basic research of strategic importance
Building concepts with active involvement of companies
Basic research and applied research of research centres and industry
Concept-driven development of new technologies and components
Demonstration projects
accompanying measures
stimulation of academic spin-offs
project competitions

8. The outcome With regard to markets
rapid increase in passive houses since 2000
share of passive houses on all new buildings: 4 % (2006); from almost zero in 2000
by end of 2006: around 4,000 residential units (RE) with 10,000 passive house residents
by end of 2007 more than 2000 buildings will have been built in Austria in passive house standard
Increasing demand for multi-family buildings
Vienna: multi-family passive houses with 715 RE and 60,300 m² of useful floor area
source: passive-house building database, 463 buildings documented (10/2006)

9. Next Steps technologies to significantly reduce CO2-emissions
Demonstration sites will be evaluated
The results of the programme have been taken up by the programme “klima:aktiv buildings”; the programme aims at:
20% of sustainable buildings in 2009
25% of ventilation systems instead of conventional heating system
New R&D programme “building in 2050”
Focus on renovation
Design of a new generation of buildings
Increased effort of the industry to boost investments in R&D

10. Lessons Learned Based on the experience of European programmes
Energy efficiency & a reduction of CO2-emissions is possible
For all climates and building materials
At comparable investment costs and lower energy costs
With high social acceptance through increase of comfort
R&D in building technologies
Need of continuous public support
Are the basis for sustainable markets in the building sector

11. Future Options (I) For building technology policy
Target oriented R&D activities must be intensified
Novel building concepts
Including socio-economic research (esp. in renovation)
Target oriented development of components and know-how
High efficient building technologies must be adopted to climes and local resources
International cooperation in R&D needs to be intensified
Various instruments are needed to overcome barriers to innovation in the construction industry

12. Future Options (II) Future research needs
Next generation “new buildings which generate energy”
Building integrated PV modules and thermal solar technologies
Microturbines ( kW) based on biomass, solar cooling
Integration into the electricity system
Rethink the energy system based on sustainable buildings
no need for district heating in new construction areas
new approaches for the construction industry
big buildings (sky scrapers) in passive house standard
Renovation of the existing building stock based on “factor 10 concepts” and technologies
=> R&D in building technologies has to play a vital role in any sustainable energy system

13. CATEGORIES and EXAMPLES
Basic research on socio-economic issues
Analyses of user behaviour
Analyses of acceptance of ecological energy efficient buildings
Opportunities and barriers of innovative buildings or technologies in context with market diffusion
Pro and contra aspects of IT in buildings (monitoring systems)
Accompanying measures
Strengthen the ecological aspects
Consultancy desk for planners and architects for the use of ecological materials

14. CATEGORIES and EXAMPLES
Applied research, technologies & components
Strengthen the scientific basis
Development or improvement of new technologies & components
Topics:
Innovative systems for solar heating of buildings and district heating
Efficient solar technologies and their multifunctional and esthetical integration into buildings
Innovative components (e.g. heat storage, windows, solar cooling)
Innovative components and elements on basis of renewable materials

15. Category: Applied research, technologies & components
Example: Solid wood passive-house-window
U-value (window): 0,78 W/m²K

16. Category: Applied research, technologies & components
Example: Facade-integrated solar collector for water and space heating

17. CATEGORIES and EXAMPLES
Innovative building concepts & demonstration objects
Planning and realising energy-efficient and ecological buildings
Integration of results from the basic studies and technologies & components
Innovative solutions will be realised
Criteria
Cost efficiency
50 % use of renewable energy sources (solar energy, biomass, etc.)
Reduction of the total final energy demand required for heating, warm water and electrical household appliances to 42 kWh/m²a
High comfort for inhabitants
Increasing use of ecological or renewable materials (straw, loam, cork, ...)

18. Building of Tomorrow – demonstration sites Solar City Linz – Apartment complex
Passive house standard for a multi family house complex
Use of new components and
Ecological materials
Consideration of
Cost efficiency and
Acceptance by inhabitants

19. Category: Office and Commercial Buildings
Categories
Category: Office and Commercial Buildings
Example: Straw house in passive house standard
Office & exhibition building
Wall system: wood construction; insulation material: straw bale
Solar cooling system

20. Category: Demonstration buildings
ZIEL
Category: Demonstration buildings
Example: Ecological alpine refuge hut, eastern part of the alps, Hochschwab area, Styria (2153 m)
Autarkic building maintenance
Collection of rain water from roof
Warm water/flat thermal collectors integrated in the façade
Electricity generated by 70m² of façade integrated photovoltaic panels

21. Further information, reports and data:

22. Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology
Hans-Günther Schwarz
Energy- and Environmental Technologies
Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology
Tel.: