1. Chapter 7: The Emergence of Modern Canada
Ms. Dow
Socials 10

2. Key Understandings Section 7.1 – Laurier Section 7.2 – Immigration
Wilfrid Laurier, Manitoba Schools Act, Boer War, Naval Crisis, Alaskan Boundary Dispute, Reciprocity, Wonders of the Laurier Age
Section 7.2 – Immigration
Clifford Sifton, Push and Pull Factors, Life on the Prairies, Life in the City
Section 7.3 – Human Rights
Suffrage Movement, FN Rights, Frank Oliver, Komagata Maru and Continuous Passage

3. The Emergence of Modern Canada
Klondike Gold Rush
Wilfrid Laurier
Laurier’s Compromises
Wonders of the Laurier Age

4. The Klondike Gold Rush Last great gold rush in North America
1899 – 1903
Thousands made the dangerous and long journey to the Klondike River in the Yukon

5. Wilfrid Laurier Prime Minister between 1896-1911
First French-Canadian Prime Minister
Laurier’s Compromises
Imperialism: A French
English Split

6. Nationalist vs Imperialist (French vs English)
Nationalist (mostly French)–
Majority from French Canada
Goal is to further Canada as a nation
Canada should not support Britain in her wars of imperialism
Imperialist (English)–
Majority of Canadians claim origin and cultural ties with Britain
British before Canadian
Canada should be a junior partner to Britain
See Nationalists as ungrateful and unpatriotic

7. Manitoba Schools Act 1890

8. The Issue The Compromise
English majority wanted change the language laws. The Act removed government support from Roman Catholic Schools.
The act cut off money for Catholic schools and made English the only language of instruction.
The Compromise
Manitoba would not have to support Catholic schools, but the public system would provide half an hour at the end of each day for religious instruction.
French teachers wherever there was 10 or more French students

9. Reactions
French were outraged! They felt that they had given up much more than the English in the compromise.
English were happy about the decision. They wanted a system that reflected the English majority.

10. 2. The Boer War

11. The Issue
After the discovery of gold and diamonds in South Africa, Britain wanted control. They fought against the “Boers (Dutch colonists) who resisted the British advance
Britain asked Canada for help to fight against the Boers in South Africa.
The Compromise
7,000 volunteer soldiers went to South Africa to fight alongside the British
Once they got there, they were Britain’s responsibility not Canada’s

12. Canada and the Boer War

13. Canadians at Paardeburg

14. Beside the British

15. Reactions
French sided with the Boers – thought it was wrong for Britain to be invading South Africa
English wanted to help Britain in their international campaigns.

16. 3. The Naval Crisis and the Naval Services Bill

17. The Issue The Compromise
Britain asked Canada to give them money to build more warships in order to compete with Germany.
French thought it was a mistake to support Britain and wanted their own Can. Navy. Most English were happy to support Britain.
The Compromise
The Naval Service Bill: Canada would create its own navy, which would then serve Britain if Britain went to war.

18. RCN ADVERTISEMENT

19. RCN’s First Ship the NIOBE

20. Reactions
French Canadians opposed Laurier’s plan. They were worried about being involved in wars that were unrelated to Canadian security.
English Canadians made fun of Canada’s “tin pot navy”. It was too small and too out of date.

21. 4. ALASKAN BOUNDARY DISPUTE 1903

22. The Tribunal’s Decision
The Issue
Boundary between Canada and Alaska was not clearly defined. Who was in control?
The Tribunal
Tribunal was created: 3 American officials, 2 Canadian officials and one British official (who sided with the Americans!)
The Tribunal’s Decision
The Americans should have claim to the boundary of the Alaska Panhandle.

24. Reactions All Canadians (Fr. And Eng.) were outraged!
International politics had made the decision. Because Britain did not want to further anger the US (they were already in a border dispute in South America) they sided with the US in the vote.

25. Wonders of the Laurier Age
The Car
The Airplane
Wireless Communications
Arts and Leisure

26. The Car Car introduced around 1901
Oldsmobile made many of the first cars
Massey-Harris and the Canadian Cycle and Motor Company went into the production of cars
At first only available to the rich but eventually changed the lives of millions

27. Early Models
Riker Electric Torpedo Owls Head Museum

30. McLaughlin Buick

31. Not Always Accepted
PEI banned automobiles in response to complaints that they tore up the roads and frightened children and livestock
BUT by 1907 there were so many cars, the first gas station in Canada opened in Vancouver

33. The Airplane J.A.D. McCurdy flies the first time in Canada.
He flew the Silver Dart in Cape Breton NS.
Altitude: 10 meters
Distance: 1 km

36. Communications Technology
Canada’s size made it fertile ground for new communications technology
The Telephone was VERY successful
Double the phones per person as the States
Work as an operator was hard and difficult work for very little pay.
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37. Guglielmo Marconi
Used his technology to send and receive the first wireless signal in the world from Europe to North America
The message was in Morse Code

40. Enjoying Life: Arts and Leisure
Growth in spectator sports and outdoor recreation
Babe Ruth’s first home run
Grey cup Football
Calgary Stampede
George Dixon – World Boxing Champion
Ned Hanlan – Rowing World Champion

41. Poets, Writers and Artists
Emily Carr – BC Artist
Lucy Maud Montgomery – Anne of Green Gables
Robert Service – poet “The Cremation of Sam McGee”
Pauline Johnson – Metis writer