2. Splash Screen

3. Introducti on 1 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.

4. Introducti on 9

5. Introducti on 10

6. Section 1- 1 Guide to Reading Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Jamestown in 1607 became the first successfully established English colony in North America. Main Idea

7. Section 1- 3 Guide to Reading (cont.) Economic Factors Many settlers journeyed to America with the hope of making a fortune. Section Theme

8. Section 1- 4 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. English soldier’s helmet, Jamestown

9. Section 1- 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. England in America The English defeat of the Spanish Armada ended Spanish control of the seas in 1588 (pages 70–71) England and other European nations could begin colonies in North America because it was now safe to sail the waters.

10. Section 1- 5a Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Sir Walter Raleigh sent about 100 men to settle on Roanoke Island off the coast of present-day North Carolina in 1585. (pages 70–71) After the difficult winter there, the colonists returned to England. England in America (cont.)

11. Section 1- 6 England in America (cont.) A second group of settlers came in 1587. (pages 70–71) This group of Roanoke colonists deserted the island and disappeared. I. Roanoke 1585 Unsuccessful II. Spanish Armada Defeated 1588 III. 1607 Jamestown Est. IV. Virginia Company looking for Gold. V. Almost Failed VI. John Smith hard worker/ruler 2 years. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

12. Section 1- 8 Jamestown Settlement In April 1607, settlers sent by the Virginia Company in London entered Chesapeake Bay and founded Jamestown. (pages 71–73) They faced many hardships. For example, they found no gold nor did they establish the fish or fur trading expected of them by the Virginia Company investors. The number of colonists dwindled. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

13. Section 1- 9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Captain John Smith governed the colony for the first two years. When Smith returned to England, the lack of strong leadership caused problems. A harsh winter and more trouble continued to plague the colonists. Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 71–73)

14. Section 1- 9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. When the colonists discovered how to grow tobacco, the colony began to prosper. Tobacco Saved The Day!!!!! Relations with the Native Americans living nearby also improved when one of the colonists, John Rolfe, married Pocahontas, the daughter of Chief Powhatan. Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 71–73)

15. Section 1- 10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Virginia Company allowed a representative government in which ten towns in the colony each sent two representatives, or burgesses, to an assembly. The assembly made local laws. The House of Burgesses met for the first time on July 30, 1619. In 1619 ninety women were sent to Jamestown so that families could form and the population could increase. Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 71–73)

16. Section 1- 11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In 1619 twenty Africans came to Jamestown. They were sold to Virginia planters to work in the tobacco fields. They may have come as servants, not as slaves. Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 71–73)

17. Section 1- 11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Until 1640 some Africans were free and some owned property. Slavery became legal in the 1660s. Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 71–73)

18. Section 1- 16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Reviewing Themes Economic Factors What economic activity helped save the Jamestown settlement? Growing tobacco helped save the Jamestown settlement.

19. Section 1- 17 Critical Thinking Making Inferences Why do you think the king of England was willing to let a group of merchants try to establish a colony in North America? The king wanted both the political power of ruling overseas colonies and economic rewards without risking his nation’s resources on the venture. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

20. Section 2- 3 Guide to Reading (cont.) Civic Rights and Responsibilities Puritan and Pilgrim colonists settled in America in search of religious freedom. Section Theme

21. Section 2- 4 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Shoes, Plymouth Colony

22. Section 2- 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Religious Freedom There were two groups of Protestants in England. (pages 76–78) Those who wanted to reform the Anglican Church were Puritans. Those who wanted to leave and set up their own church were Separatists.

23. Section 2- 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 76–78) Some of these Separatists were given a guarantee by the Virginia Company to be able to practice their religion freely if they settled in Virginia. In return they had to share their profits with the Virginia Company. These people called themselves Pilgrims. Religious Freedom (cont.)

24. Section 2- 6 The Mayflower carried Pilgrims to settle the Virginia colony. Religious Freedom (cont.) (pages 76–78) They landed north, however, at Plymouth, Massachusetts, due to the oncoming winter. Plymouth was not part of the Virginia Company territory and its laws did not apply. So the Pilgrims drew up the Mayflower Compact to provide laws to live by. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

25. Section 2- 7 The Pilgrims received help from the Native Americans in learning to plant crops and in hunting and fishing. Religious Freedom (cont.) (pages 76–78) Without them the Pilgrims may not have survived. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

26. Section 2- 8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. How do you think the Pilgrims’ lives in America compared to their lives in England? Possible answer: In America, Pilgrims gained religious freedom, established a new government, and learned to adapt to a new environment. In England, Pilgrims lived under religious persecution, established laws, and difficult economic conditions. Religious Freedom (cont.) (pages 76–78)

27. Section 2- 9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. New Settlements More hard times beset the Puritans in England. (pages 78–80) In 1629 a group received a royal charter and formed the Massachusetts Bay Colony located north of Plymouth. The group settled in Boston with John Winthrop as their governor.

28. Section 2- 9 During the Great Migration in the 1630s, more than 15,000 Puritans came to Massachusetts to escape religious persecution and economic difficulties in England. (pages 78–80) New Settlements (cont.)

29. Section 2- 10 New Settlements (cont.) (pages 78–80) All adult male church members who also owned property could vote for their representatives to the General Court. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

30. Section 2- 11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Although the Puritans left England for religious freedom in America, they criticized, or persecuted, people who held religious beliefs other than theirs. This led to the formation of new colonies in America. Colonists began to settle along the fertile Connecticut River valley in the 1630s. New Settlements (cont.) (pages 78–80)

31. Section 2- 13 Roger Williams, a minister, established Rhode Island, where religious toleration existed. New Settlements (cont.) (pages 78–80) People of all faiths could worship as they pleased. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

32. Section 2- 14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Why were the Puritans so intolerant of religious views other than their own? Possible answer: Once in North America, they expected everyone to think and believe as they did and did not want to deal with differing views. New Settlements (cont.) (pages 78–80)

33. Section 2- 17 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Reviewing Themes Civic Rights and Responsibilities What freedom did Rhode Island offer that other colonies did not? Rhode Island offered religious freedom.

34. Section 3- 4 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. English royal plate

35. Section 3- 10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Pennsylvania William Penn received a large tract of land in America from the king as a repayment of a debt. The colony was Pennsylvania. (pages 84–85) Penn, a Quaker, saw Pennsylvania as a chance to put the Quaker ideas of tolerance and equality into practice. He designed the city of Philadelphia and wrote the first constitution.

36. Section 3- 11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. To encourage settlers to Pennsylvania, he advertised the colony throughout Europe in several languages. By 1683 more than 3,000 English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch, and German people settled there. Pennsylvania (cont.) (pages 84–85)

37. Section 3- 13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Why was religious toleration and equality important to the settlers of Pennsylvania? They were Quakers and believed in these ideals. Pennsylvania (cont.) (pages 84–85)

38. Section 3- 16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Reviewing Themes Individual Action How did William Penn earn the respect of Native Americans? He honored their claim to the land and believed settlers should pay for it.

39. Section 3- 17 Critical Thinking Compare and Contrast How was the Quaker religion different from that of the Puritans? Quakers had no formal church services or church officials, were tolerant of other religions, believed all people were equal, and were pacifists. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

40. Section 4- 4 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Slave drum, Virginia

41. Section 4- 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Coming to America The colonies needed people to grow and prosper and relied on CASH CROPS. (pages 86–88) -criminals or prisoners of war from England and Scotland and could earn their release if they worked for a period of time (seven years). -seized and brought as slaves from Africa. -indentured servants who worked without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for their passage. Settlers came voluntarily. Others came because they were:

42. Section 4- 6 Maryland became a proprietary colony in 1632. Coming to America (cont.) (pages 86–88) King Charles I gave Sir George Calvert, called Lord Baltimore, a colony north of Virginia. Lord Baltimore wanted to establish a safe place for Catholics, and he also hoped that the colony would make him rich. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

43. Section 4- 7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Maryland tobacco farmers also produced wheat, fruit, vegetables, and livestock so that they would not be dependent upon one cash crop. Wealthy landowners became powerful. As plantations grew in number, indentured servants and enslaved Africans were used to work the plantations. Coming to America (cont.) (pages 86–88)

44. Section 4- 10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Virginia Expands As Virginia grew, settlers moved inland to open up the backcountry. (pages 88–89) Native Americans lived on these lands. The governor, Sir William Berkeley, worked out an arrangement in the 1640s that kept settlers from moving farther into Native American land.

45. Section 4- 11 Many Virginia westerners resented Berkeley’s pledge to the Native Americans and settled in the lands anyway. Virginia Expands (cont.) (pages 88–89) As a result, Native Americans raided these settlements. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

46. Section 4- 11 Nathaniel Bacon opposed colonial government because it was made of easterners. Virginia Expands (cont.) (pages 88–89) He led attacks on Native American villages, set fire to the capital, marched into Jamestown, and drove Berkeley into exile. England summoned Berkeley and sent troops to restore order. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

47. Section 4- 18 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Georgia James Oglethorpe founded the colony of Georgia in 1733. (pages 90–91) -as a place where British debtors and poor people could make a fresh start -as a military barrier to protect the other British colonies from Spain due to its location between Spanish Florida and South Carolina It was the last British colony to be founded in the Americas. Great Britain created Georgia for several reasons:

48. Section 4- 21 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The French settlement in the Americas grew slowly. New France (page 92) The French were interested mainly in the fishing and fur trade at first. Their settlement called New France became a royal colony in 1663.

49. Section 4- 22 They had settlements in two regions: New France (cont.) (page 92) -North in Quebec and along the St. Lawrence River. They consisted mostly of forts, trading posts, and later large estates. -South along the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In 1718 the port city of New Orleans was founded.

50. Section 4- 23 The French respected the ways of the Native Americans, so they had better relations with them than did other Europeans. New France (cont.) (page 92) The fur trappers traveled far into Native American territory, so they needed to learn to live among the Native Americans. These trappers did not push the Native Americans off their land. The missionaries did not try to change their customs. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

51. Section 4- 25 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Spain had a large empire in Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and South America called New Spain. New Spain (pages 92–93) -present-day New Mexico, where Santa Fe was founded in late 1609 or early 1610 -Arizona in the late 1600s -the region that is now Texas in the early 1700s, establishing San Antonio and other military posts -California To keep control and protect its claims, Spain sent soldiers, missionaries, and settlers north of this region into:

52. Section 4- 26 Rivalries in Europe between Great Britain, France, and Spain often resulted in fighting. New Spain (cont.) (pages 92–93) Wars between the British and French in Europe also greatly affected their lands in the Americas. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

53. Chapter Assessm ent 11 Geography and History Activity Study the map below and answer the questions on the following slides.

54. Maps and Charts 1

55. Maps and Charts 4b

56. Daily Focus Skills 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

57. Daily Focus Skills 4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.