1. Lesson 5

2. Objectives  Review history behind creation of UN.  Identify goals of the UN.  Examine structure and function of UN organs.  Discuss role and effectiveness of UN.

3. Warm Up  What are the 2 categories of international organizations? Provide an example of each.

4. United Nations History  Post WWI- League of Nations  Post WWII- Yalta Conference  Oct 24, 1945- 51 charter nations

5. General UN Membership  193 member states  “Peace loving nations”  NYC: “Sessions” Sept-DecSessions  70 th begins 9/28  Pay dues (% world wealth) 2014-15 Budget ($5.5 b)Budget Peacekeeping costs different ($8.3 b)  Provide troops for UN activities

6. Goals of the U.N.  Maintain international peace & security  Promote respect for international law, friendly relations b/t nations  Protect human rights and freedoms  Encourage social and economic progress (raise SOL)

8. Activity: Structure of the UN  Identify the purpose, membership structure, and powers of the following branches: General Assembly Security Council Secretariat Economic and Social Council Court of Justice Ban Ki-moon: S. Korea http://www.un.org/en/

9. General Assembly  Purpose: Open, deliberative forum  Membership: All member nations (193) 1 vote per delegation 2/3 rd vote to pass resolutions/mandates  Function/Powers: Elect members of other organs Debate issues and make (non-binding) recommendations Approve budget and spending Suspend or revoke membership Pass non-binding resolutions – world opinion!

10. Security Council  Purpose: Maintain peace and security  Membership: 5 permanent members (China, France, Britain, US, Russia), 10 non-perm members (elected 2 yr terms by GA) 9/15 votes to take action, including all 5 perm  Function/Powers: Investigate and mediate disputes (binding decisions) Apply political and economic sanctions Take military action when necessary

11. Secretariat  Purpose: Carry out daily operations  Membership: Secretary General (Ban Ki-moon) – 5 yr ~50K+ workers in various agencies and offices (NYC main)  Function/Powers: Administer programs and policies Create press releases

12. Econ and Social Council  Purpose: Promote higher standard of living, econ and social progress  Membership: 54 members- regional representation 3 year terms 1 vote per nation  Function/Powers: Formulate policy Discuss & Initiate studies concerning econ/soc issues Call international summits (mtgs)

13. Internatl Court of Justice  Purpose: Settle disputes of internatl law  Membership: 15 Justices (independent once elected) 9 year terms Peace Palace (The Hague, Amsterdam)  Function/Powers: Nations submitting disputes agree to decisions Advise organs on legal questions

14. Trusteeship Council  Purpose: Oversee “trust territories” (11 nations w/out govt following WW2)  Membership: 5 Perm Security Nations  Function: None, all territories est self-govt eventually

15. Activity  Read the Upfront article “The UN: A Love-Hate Affair” from the link below.  http://teacher.schola stic.com/scholasticn ews/indepth/upfront/ features/index.asp? article=f0919a http://teacher.schola stic.com/scholasticn ews/indepth/upfront/ features/index.asp? article=f0919a  Be prepared to discuss issues & controversies surrounding the UN as well as the role for the UN in today’s world. Can it be considered a success/failure?

16. Issues and Controversies  No real power, non- binding  No army  National sovereignty  Imbalance of power  Inefficiency  Underfunding  Ethics

17. Day 1 Homework Complete UN Webquest Explore the activities and issues the UN is undertaking @ www.un.org/en

18. Day 2 Warm Up  Goals of the UN?  Principal Organs?  Peace & security  HR & Freedoms  Social & Econ Progress  Gen Assembly  Security Council  Secretariat  ECOSOC  ICJ

19. Millenium Dvpt Goals  Adopted 2000 – Achieved 2015?

20. 2015 Evaluation  What stands in the way? Economic crisis High food prices Climate change (agricultural vulnerability) Conflict & post-conflict nations Weak govt institutions Rapid urbanization

21. Closure  What are the goals of the UN?  Is the UN successful?

22. Homework Day 2–  Wiki Post: Is the United Nations obsolete? What role should it play and what powers should it have in our new world. Incorporate both the article you read & the TED talk we viewed today.