2. Examples Fats Oils Waxes Steroids

3. Functions Long-term energy storage Main component of cell membranes Hormones Insulation/cushioning

4. Structure Long chains of carbon (and hydrogen) Two primary molecules: Glycerol Fatty Acids

5. Glycerol A simple 3-carbon alcohol

6. Fatty Acids

7. Saturated vs Unsaturated

8. Saturated Fatty acids Saturated fatty acids have the maximum number of hydrogen Known as FATS Generally found in animal sources Solids at room temperature

9. Unsaturated Fatty Acids Have two or more hydrogen replaced with double- bonds Known as OILS Generally found from plant sources Liquid at room temperature

10. Cis- vs Trans- Fatty acids

11. Cis- vs Trans- fatty acids Cis-fatty acids have the carbon on the same side of the double-bond Trans-fatty acids have carbons on different sides of the double bond Cis-fatty acids produce a bend in the molecule

12. Cis- vs Trans- Fatty acids

13. Degrees of Saturation

14. Polyunsaturated Fats Have more than one double bond

15. Triglycerides

16. One glycerol + 3 Fatty Acids  Triglyceride Can have 3 different fatty acids hydrophobic

17. Phospholipids Consist of glycerol, two fatty acids and one phosphate group

18. Phospholipids Are amphiphilic Make up cell membranes

19. Steroids Consist of a four-carbon ring Basis for many hormones

20. Steroid Hormones