1. The American Revolution

2. American Revolution What do we mean by the Revolution? The war? That was no part of the revolution; it was only an effect and consequence of it. The revolution was in the minds of the people, and this was effected from 1760 - 1775, in the course of fifteen years, before a drop of blood was shed at Lexington. What do we mean by the Revolution? The war? That was no part of the revolution; it was only an effect and consequence of it. The revolution was in the minds of the people, and this was effected from 1760 - 1775, in the course of fifteen years, before a drop of blood was shed at Lexington. Adams – Letter to Jefferson 8/14/1815. Adams – Letter to Jefferson 8/14/1815.

3. Essential Question Was the American Revolution a revolution, or an orchestrated class revolt? Was the American Revolution a revolution, or an orchestrated class revolt?

5. Rivals for North America

6. English Settlements Along Coast

7. French Colonies

8. King Louis XIV

9. Mercantilism Raw materials Manufactured Goods Colonies serve as sources for: and markets for:

10. French Wanted New France For ……………

11. Goods for Caribbean Colonies

12. Raw Materials for France

13. Royal Colony Confronted Iroquois Confronted Iroquois Encouraged French Immigration Encouraged French Immigration

14. Rivals for North America

15. North America in 1750

17. 1754: The First Clash

18. Not this Clash

19. The Ohio Valley

20. 1754 Albany Plan of Union

21. Foreshadow of things yet to come?

22. 1756 War Formally Declared

23. 1758-1761 Tide Turns for England

24. North America in 1763

25. Treaty of Paris

26. France Lost

27. Canada

28. French Territories in India

29. Lands East of the Mississippi

30. Spain Gained

31. Lands West of the Mississippi

33. But lost Florida

34. Effects of the War?

36. Who is going to pay?

37. Raise Revenue

38. Royal Proclamation of 1763

40. Pontiac’s Rebellion Tension Along the Frontier

42. "No prince has ever begun his reign by so glorious a war and so generous a peace." Lord Egremont to King George III of Great Britain, crowned on 25 October 1760, just two weeks after the fall of Montreal ending the French and Indian War OPENING Q

43. Broadside – Name the War

45. Opening Q "The injuries we have received from the British nation were so unprovoked, and have been so great and so many, that they can never be forgotten." "The injuries we have received from the British nation were so unprovoked, and have been so great and so many, that they can never be forgotten." George Washington George Washington Letter to J. Banister, 1778 Letter to J. Banister, 1778

46. Myths of the Revolution How would you describe the British during the American Revolution? How would you describe the British during the American Revolution? How would you describe the Americans? How would you describe the Americans? Are these impressions true? Are these impressions true?

47. Tax Acts The Road to Revolution

48. Sugar Act - 1764 In GB, called Revenue Act of 1764 In GB, called Revenue Act of 1764 Extension of prior act (Molasses act of ’63) Extension of prior act (Molasses act of ’63) Actually lowered tariff from 6p to 3p Actually lowered tariff from 6p to 3p Attempt to stop smuggling Attempt to stop smuggling Issue of jurisdiction Issue of jurisdiction Was to raise 45,000 Lbs, needed 100,000 Was to raise 45,000 Lbs, needed 100,000 Massachusetts was only state to resist Massachusetts was only state to resist Mass House of Representatives objected Mass House of Representatives objected Cited taxation w/o representation Cited taxation w/o representation

49. Stamp Act - 1765 Tax on all documents & printed items Tax on all documents & printed items Includes cards – “brawn” Includes cards – “brawn” Legal documents – “brains” Legal documents – “brains” British thought tax would be acceptable British thought tax would be acceptable Spoke with Franklin, he agreed. Spoke with Franklin, he agreed. This act lead to boycott. This act lead to boycott. Repealed in 1766 Repealed in 1766 In conjunction w/ passing of Declaratory Act In conjunction w/ passing of Declaratory Act Confirmed Parliament’s rights Confirmed Parliament’s rights

50. Townsend Acts - 1767 Tax on goods imported into the colonies Tax on goods imported into the colonies Included many goods, including tea. Included many goods, including tea. Boycott Boycott Fight over Hancock’s ship Liberty Fight over Hancock’s ship Liberty Leads to troops being stationed in Boston Leads to troops being stationed in Boston Troops not the best of Britain Troops not the best of Britain Boston Massacre Boston Massacre Acts repealed except for tea. Acts repealed except for tea.

51. Tea Act - 1773 Millions of pounds of tea in storage Millions of pounds of tea in storage East India Tea Company East India Tea Company Lobbies for American Markey Lobbies for American Markey In debt. In debt. Once in port tax must be paid w/in 20 days Once in port tax must be paid w/in 20 days If not, customs seizes tea & sells it. If not, customs seizes tea & sells it. Boston refuses to unload Tea Boston refuses to unload Tea 20 days winding down 20 days winding down

52. Intolerable Acts - 1774 4 laws 4 laws Boston Port Act Boston Port Act Port shut down until duties paid Port shut down until duties paid Massachusetts Government Act Massachusetts Government Act British control of Government British control of Government Justice Act Justice Act Anyone arrested can be tried in England. Anyone arrested can be tried in England. Quartering Act Quartering Act Colonists must harbour British troops Colonists must harbour British troops Quebec Act Quebec Act Re-establishes Catholicism in Quebec Re-establishes Catholicism in Quebec

53. Intolerable Acts Objective was to bring colonies under control Objective was to bring colonies under control Result was colonies united Result was colonies united Colonies felt Mass being singled out Colonies felt Mass being singled out First Continental Congress First Continental Congress 12 of 13 present 12 of 13 present Declaration of rights Declaration of rights Battle of moderates vs radicals Battle of moderates vs radicals

55. Br. Gvt. measures to prevent smuggling:  James Otis’ case  Protection of a citizen’s private property must be held in higher regard than a parliamentary statute. A 1761  writs of assistance  He lost  parliamentary law and custom had equal weight. Rethinking Their Empire

56. 1. Sugar Act - 1764 2. Currency Act - 1764 4. Stamp Act - 1765 3. Quartering Act - 1765 George Grenville’s Program, 1763-1765

57. Real Whigs Q-> What was the extent of Parliament’s authority over the colonies?? Absolute? OR Limited? Q-> How could the colonies give or withhold consent for parliamentary legislation when they did not have representation in that body?? Theories of Representation

58. Loyal Nine - 1765 Sons of Liberty – began in NYC: Samuel Adams Stamp Act Congress – 1765 * Stamp Act Resolves Declaratory Act – 1766 Stamp Act Crisis

59. 1767  William Pitt, P. M. & Charles Townshend, Secretary of the Exchequer. A Shift from paying taxes for Br. war debts & quartering of troops  paying col. govt. salaries. A He diverted revenue collection from internal to external trade. A Tax these imports  paper, paint, lead, glass, tea. A Increase custom officials at American ports  established a Board of Customs in Boston. Townshend Duties Crisis: 1767-1770

60. 1. John Dickinson  1768 * Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania. 2. 1768  2 nd non-importation movement: * “Daughters of Liberty” * spinning bees 3. Riots against customs agents: * John Hancock’s ship, the Liberty. * 4000 British troops sent to Boston. Colonial Response to the Townshend Duties