1. PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF A NON EDIBLE OIL(BIODIESEL) IN A DI ENGINE USING DEE IN DUAL FUEL MODE PROJECT MEMBERS : S.SARAVANAN80105114043 D.PANDIYARAJAN80105114034 B.BALAJI80105114012 P.VASANTHAKUMAR80105114052 (PhD)., PROJECT GUIDE: Mr.C.SWAMINATHAN,M.E.,(PhD).,

2. AIM ` To optimize the NOx emission in diesel engine using EGR.

3. INTRODUCTION  Biodiesel is an alternative fuel.  Biodiesel can be used directly as fuel for a diesel engine without any modification of existing engine.  It has the major advantages of having high biodegradability, excellent lubricity and no sulfur content.  Environmental compatibility compared to conventional fuels.

4. NEED OF DIESEL ENGINE  Diesel engine is used as Prime movers in transport, Agricultural Sector and Power Generation. Because of higher thermal efficiency and lower specific fuel consumption.  But it pollutes the environment by its Combustion Products.  They contain Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon Monoxide, Hydrocarbon and Particulate Matter.

5. Reason for choosing alternate fuel After the oil price rise in 1973, and with global pollution due to energy conversion processes, following important aspects have emerged. Increasing cost of energy sources is affecting individual, social and national life and economy. Depleting energy reserves of fossil fuel (coal, petroleum, products, oil, gas) has produced energy crisis. Increasing energy consumption rate and depleting supplies all over the world is resulting in continuing inflation and energy shortage. This is called energy crisis. Large fossil fuel burnt engines without emission control devices are emitting NOX, SOX, CO etc., in atmosphere resulting in pollution, ecological disasters, global warming, acid rain etc., energy, environment are closely inter-linked.

6. OBJECTIVES  The objective of this study is to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics of dual fuel combustion.  Blending fuel used in the current work has been selected on the basis of some chemical and thermodynamic properties.  To study the engine performance using fuel blends.  So the objective of the project is to reduce the NOx emission in DI engine by using the ether as a blend and in dual fuel mode.

7. Bio-diesel Production Worldwide

8. BLENDING Biodiesel engines are prone to cold-starting problems in winter seasons and emit more nitrogen oxides. To overcome these problems, diethyl ether is used as a fuel additive for biodiesel. The lower percentage addition of diethyl ether with biodiesel improves the engine performance and emission characteristics. The experimental results support that diethyl ether can be used as an additive with biodiesel to improve the performance and emission characteristics.

9. EMISSIONS FROM DI ENGINE oxygen nitrogen Water vapour carbon hydrogen sulfur oxygen nitrogen CO 2 CO So x O2O2 No x Water vapour + AirfuelRefuse

11. PROPERTIESPONGAMIANEEMDIESEL Density at 15◦C in gm/cc 0.89860.89960.8450 Flash point by ◦C182◦C158◦C62◦C Fire point by ◦C191◦C166◦C70◦C Kinematic viscosity at 40◦C 4.725.234.5 Calorific value in KJ/Kg 361853816042000 Cetane number54.651.246

12. Importance of Bio-diesel  Renewable fuel  Environment friendly  Clean burning  Biodegradable and non-toxic  Easy to handle and store  Reduces dependence on petroleum imports  Employment creation potential  Limited resources of fossil oil.  Stringent emission norms.

13. METHODOLOGY  Purchase Biodiesel and Ether.  Conduct the performance test by using Biodiesel.  Measure the emissions from the engine especially for NOx.  Conduct the performance test with the Ether as a blend.  Measure the smoke density and emission.  Ether is added to Biodiesel with various proportions. (5%, 10%, 15%...)  Measure the smoke density and emission.  List out the results.  Discussion.

15. Time line Phase 1 Literature survey Dec 25 to Jan 5 Phase 2Purchasing material Jan 6 to Jan 26 Phase 3Conduct testFeb 1 to Feb 25 Phase 4Result and discussion Mar 1 to Mar 15