1. Properties and Changes

2. Physical Properties Can be observed or measured. Density Color Odor Taste Hardness Melting point Boiling point Extensive or Intensive?

3. Chemical Properties The ability to combine with or change into one or more other substances. Reacts with Rusts Spoils Changes into Forms

4. States of Matter Solid – definite shape and volume Liquid – definite volume, flows, takes shape of container Gas (Vapor) – flows, fills volume of container Plasma – in stars, the Sun, lightning

5. PhysicalChemical ChangesChanges

6. Signs of a Chemical Change/Reaction Color change Odor Bubbles / production of a new gas Precipitate / formation of a new solid from combining two solutions Heat (energy) being absorbed or given off / becoming cold or hot Irreversible / reactants -> products

7. Matter: Mixture or Substance? Mixture: Homogeneous or Heterogeneous? Homogeneous = uniform composition (solutions, alloys) Can be physically separated into multiple substances Substance: Element or Compound? Substance = definite composition Element = found on the Periodic Table Compound = can be chemically separated into Elements

8. Law of Conservation of Mass (Energy) Mass (Energy) is neither created nor destroyed in any physical change or chemical reaction; it is conserved. Law of Definite Proportions Regardless of amount, a specific compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass. Law of Multiple Proportions In forming compounds, different masses of one element combine with the same masses of another element in a ratio of small whole numbers.