1. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing Michael Allouche, SG2 Leader WORKING GROUP 73 UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS AIRWORTHINESS (SG2) The European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment LOrganisation Européenne pour lEquipement de lAviation Civile

2. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 2 Topics for presentation GENERAL INTRODUCTION EUROCAE WG73 AIRWORTHINESS Work Approach Expected outputs PECULIAR ISSUES System Safety Parameters & Harmonization Challenges Airworthiness and Operation interrelated Aspects CONCLUSIVE REMARKS

3. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 3 INTRODUCTION - Eurocae - Eurocae WG73

4. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 4 The EUROCAE Organisation Established in 1963 as a European technical forum for administrations, airlines and industry. Prepares minimum performance specifications for airborne electronic equipment as a basis for EASA Technical Standard Orders (ETSO). Activities now extended to include complex CNS/ATM systems including their ground segment. EUROCAE: Is recognised by the European Commission as the unique body competent for the standardisation and interoperability required for the Single European Sky concept; and is acknowledged by ICAO which references its documents.

5. EUROCAE Working Group 73 EUROCAE WG-73 was launched in April 2006 following earlier work by EUROCONTROL, NATO, and JAA. WG-73 participates in the ICAO UAS Study Group. WG-73 cooperates with other bodies dealing with UAS. European Aviation Safety Agency

6. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 6 EUROCAE WG73 Objectives Requirements framework that will support civilian UAS airworthiness certification and operational approvals. Safe operation within non-segregated airspace in a manner compatible with other airspace users, including step by step process Compatibility with the existing ATM regulatory framework; Investigation of longer term ATM adaptations Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009

7. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 7 Primary Civil Aviation WG-73 Partners Working Groups Working Group 73 WG-73 sub-groups EUROCAE EUROCAE Industry Members Council of EUROCAE Secretariat FAA RTCA SC-203 ICAO EASA JARUS European National Authorities EUROCONTROL

8. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 8 WG73 Leadership / Structure Subgroup #1: UAS Operations & Sense and Avoid Gérard Mardiné SAGEM Subgroup #2: Airworthiness & Continued Airworthiness Michael Allouche IAI Subgroup #3: Command and Control, Communications, Spectrum, & Security Norbert Tränapp IABG Chairman: Daniel Hawkes [EUROCAE] Vice Chairman: Gérard Mardiné [SAGEM] Vice Chairman: James Sizemore [FAA] Secretary: Dewar Donnithorne-Tait [AUVSI] EASA: Filippo Tomasello, David Haddon ATM: Holger Matthiesen [EUROCONTROL] ICAO UASSG: Tony Henley [BAE Systems] RTCA SC-203: Ken Geiselhart [Lockheed Martin] Standing Advisor: Peter van Blyenburgh [UVSI] Subgroup #4: UAS <150kg for VLSO Ron van de Leijgraaf CAA NL

9. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 9 WG73 Deliverables & Status Deliverable 1 (Inventory of Issues) Agreed January 2007. Deliverable 2 (Work Plan) First version end 2007, ongoing iterations Deliverable 3 (Concept Document) 1st iteration second quarter 2009 Final Agreed Version second quarter 2010. Deliverable 4 (Command & Control) / Deliverable 5 (Sense & Avoid) In coordination with US RTCA SC-203 Deliverable 6 (ATM Incompatibility Issues) Ongoing activity.

10. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 10 EUROCAE WG73 SG2 AIRWORTHINESS - Work Approach - Expected outputs

11. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 11 EUROCAE WG73 Airworthiness WP Approach EASA TC Policy R.Y000-01 UAS Type Certification Basis (1)Select & Tailored Manned CS (1) Select & Tailored Manned CS (2) System Safety Objectives & Criteria (2) System Safety Objectives & Criteria (3) Special Conditions (Control Station, C3 etc … ) (3) Special Conditions (Control Station, C3 etc … ) Eurocae WG 73 SG2 Work Packages Generic Criteria & Recommendations Relating to (1) & (2) & (3) INPUTS/INTERFACES/COORDINATION: SG1 & SG3 WPs Draft USAR/STANAG 4671 FAA System safety Group RTCA SC 203 DO-304 & WG1 Any other Consider also Restricted Type Certification & C of A Process & Criteria

12. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 12 EUROCAE UAS WG73 Deliverable 3 Airworthiness Volume (Draft Lay Out) INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION REFERENCES REFERENCES UAS AIRWORTHINESS CONSIDERATIONS UAS AIRWORTHINESS CONSIDERATIONS UAS TYPE CERTIFICATION BASIS UAS TYPE CERTIFICATION BASIS EASA General Regulations EASA General Regulations EASA UAS Policy EASA UAS Policy UAS Airworthiness Categorization UAS Airworthiness Categorization EASA CS Tailoring EASA CS Tailoring EASA CS Tailoring Guidelines EASA CS Tailoring Guidelines UAS Safety Objectives & Criteria UAS Safety Objectives & Criteria Additional Airworthiness Certification Criteria Additional Airworthiness Certification Criteria RESTRICTED TC & CoA RESTRICTED TC & CoA CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS Conceptual approach to support UAS Manufacturers and Civil Airworthiness Authorities Conceptual approach to support UAS Manufacturers and Civil Airworthiness Authorities Develop further guidelines compared to generic EASA UAS TC policy Develop further guidelines compared to generic EASA UAS TC policy Identify future UAS Special Conditions issues and parameters Identify future UAS Special Conditions issues and parameters

13. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 13 PECULIAR ISSUES - System Safety Parameters & Harmonization Challenges - Airworthiness and Operational Interrelated Aspects

14. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 14 Overall System Safety Objective Parameters Manned versus Unmanned Requirement (1309) Catastrophic Failure Definition tailored to UAS System Safety Objective Definition Individual versus Overall Objective Absolute versus Relative Quantitative Objective Easy conservative approach : use manned 1309 quantitative target as is (likely penalizing) Absolute approach, defining acceptable risk for specific UAS hazards Airworthiness versus Operational Safety Objectives Restricted Type Certification Scenario

15. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 15 Safety Criteria – Harmonization Challenge Illustration

16. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 16 Airworthiness and Operational interrelated aspects Any equipment that may be required under operational rules shall also be subject to airworthiness approval under relevant criteria Operational assumptions that may be taken during the airworthiness certification process, as an example: UAS envisaged mode of operation Emergency Procedures considered in UAS System Safety Assessment ATC interface, should be clearly identified. Airworthiness versus Operational Safety Targets Operational Restrictions envisaged in the framework of Restricted Type Certification Process.

17. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 17 CONCLUSIVE REMARKS

18. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 18 Conclusive Remarks Civil UAS Rule-making process takes more time… Pragmatic approach EASA UAS TC Policy framework At this stage, Type Certification Basis on a case by case basis, considering specific UAS character. Restricted TC to be also considered Intermix of civil and military inevitable Military UAS likely to be used in civil applications Harmonization is a must Civil / Civil Civil / Military Eurocae WG73 open to harmonization efforts and related cooperation

19. Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing 19 The information in this presentation references draft material for use by EUROCAE WG-73 and should not be regarded as statements of EUROCAE policy unless approved by the EUROCAE Council. The European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment 102, rue Etienne Dolet, 92240-Malakoff, France Tel.: +33 1 40 92 79 30 www.eurocae.net Thank you for your attention mallouche@iai.co.il