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Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) upregulation Dose- and time-dependent upregulation of TP in human colon cancer xenografts 20 15 10 5 0 20 15 10 5 0 PaclitaxelDocetaxel 0246810 Days after administration TP (unit/mg protein) Sawada N et al. Clin Cancer Res 1998;4:1013–9 No treatment Vehicle Paclitaxel 15mg/kg Paclitaxel 100mg/kg No treatment Vehicle Docetaxel 3.75mg/kg Docetaxel 15mg/kg *p<0.05 * * * * * * ** * * * TP (unit/mg protein)
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Xeloda ® plus taxanes Activity of the combination of Xeloda and taxanes against MX-1 carcinoma xenografts 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 –1.0 141822263034384246 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 –1.0 Tumour volume change (cm 3 ) Xeloda 5-FU Sawada N et al. Clin Cancer Res 1998;4:1013–9 ControlDocetaxelXelodaDocetaxel + Xeloda Docetaxel + 5-FU 5-FU * * * * * Days *p<0.05 Tumour volume change (cm 3 )
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: rationale in breast cancer Xeloda and docetaxel have considerable single-agent activity in breast cancer Xeloda and docetaxel have distinct mechanisms of action and no overlap of key toxicities Synergistic interaction between Xeloda and docetaxel mediated by further taxane-induced upregulation of TP
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: phase I study summary Two dose regimens were shown to be feasible – 75mg/m 2 docetaxel + 1,250mg/m 2 Xeloda twice daily – 100mg/m 2 docetaxel + 825mg/m 2 Xeloda twice daily No evidence of a pharmacokinetic interaction between docetaxel and Xeloda Pronk L et al. Br J Cancer 2000;83:22–9
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: phase III study design Randomisation (3-weekly cycles) Xeloda 1,250mg/m 2 twice daily, days 1–14 docetaxel 75mg/m 2, day 1 Docetaxel 100mg/m 2, day 1 Patients responding or with stable disease after 6 weeks of treatment continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: study objectives Primary –time to disease progression * Secondary –objective response rate –overall survival –safety profile –quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23) –medical care utilisation * or deathO’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: baseline characteristics O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381) KPS = Karnofsky Performance Status
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: chemotherapy pretreatment O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: overall tumour response O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel : duration of response Time (months) 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Xeloda/docetaxel7.2 Docetaxel6.9 Estimated probability 0510152025 6.97.2 Median (months) O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: time to disease progression 4.26.1 Xeloda/docetaxel Docetaxel Hazard ratio = 0.643 (0.536–0.770) Log-rank p=0.0001 Median (CI) 6.1 (5.4–6.5) 4.2 (3.4–4.5) 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Estimated probability 0510152025 Time (months) O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: overall survival* 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 Estimated probability 02468101214161820222426 Time (months) Median (CI)Events Xeloda/docetaxel14.5 (12.3–16.3)72% Docetaxel 11.5 (9.8–12.7) 79% 11.514.5 Hazard ratio = 0.775 Log-rank p=0.0126 *Minimum follow up of 15 months (4-month safety update)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel : post-study treatment O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: quality of life (global health status) 80 70 60 50 40 Global health status 0612182430364248 Time (weeks) Xeloda/docetaxel n=219187127975741312113 Docetaxel n=22419013385422014125 0 O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: most common treatment- related clinical adverse events (all grades) Xeloda/docetaxel (n=251) Docetaxel (n=255) Diarrhoea Stomatitis HFS Nausea Fatigue/ asthenia NF VomitingAlopeciaPyrexiaMyalgia Arthralgia HFS = hand-foot syndrome; NF = neutropenic fever 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Patients (%) O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: most common (>5%) grade 3/4 treatment-related toxicities 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Patients (%) Xeloda/docetaxel (n=251) Diarrhoea Stomatitis HFS* Nausea Fatigue/ asthenia NF Docetaxel (n=255) Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 3 Grade 4 *Grade 4 not applicable; NF = neutropenic fever O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events over time 100 80 60 40 20 0 Adverse events (%) 061218243036424854 Time (weeks) Xeloda/docetaxel Docetaxel O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: most common grade 3/4 * laboratory abnormalities *NCIC common toxicity criteria; ULN = upper limit of normal O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: dose reductions O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: summary of safety Treatment with oral Xeloda plus docetaxel compared with docetaxel alone leads to –more gastrointestinal side effects and hand-foot syndrome –less myalgia, arthralgia and grade 4 neutropenia with associated complications (neutropenic fever/sepsis) O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel: conclusions The addition of oral Xeloda to docetaxel leads to –superior response rates –superior time to disease progression –superior overall survival with a manageable safety profile Xeloda plus docetaxel is the first and only cytotoxic combination to improve survival over docetaxel monotherapy in anthracycline-pretreated patients O’Shaughnessy J et al. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2000 (Abst 381)
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Xeloda ® plus paclitaxel: phase II trial Ongoing study evaluating a 21-day cycle of –Xeloda 1,000mg/m 2 twice daily, days 1–14 –i.v. paclitaxel 175mg/m 2, day 1 All patients had anthracycline-pretreated advanced/metastatic breast cancer 62% objective response rate including 16 complete responses (23%) in 71 evaluable patients 8.6 months median time to disease progression Favourable safety profile, with a low incidence of severe toxicities Pérez-Manga G et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2000;64:125 (Abst 535)
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Xeloda ® plus docetaxel plus epirubicin Phase I study in 23 patients with advanced breast cancer Principal dose-limiting toxicity was neutropenia, non-haematological toxicities were rare Recommended regimen is a 21-day cycle of –Xeloda 985mg/m 2 twice daily, days 1–14 –i.v. docetaxel 75mg/m 2, day 1 –i.v. epirubicin 75mg/m 2, day 1 Objective responses occurred in 21 of 23 patients enrolled (91%) Angiolini C et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2000;64:123 (Abst 529)
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Xeloda ® plus vinorelbine: phase I study 40 pretreated patients with advanced/metastatic breast cancer received a 21-day cycle of –Xeloda 500–1,250mg/m 2 twice daily, days 1–14 –i.v. vinorelbine 12.5–22.5mg/m 2, days 1 and 3 Maximum tolerated dose not yet defined 48% response rate in 33 evaluable patients treated at all dose levels Minimal toxicity Nolè F et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2000;64:125 (Abst 539)
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Xeloda ® plus weekly docetaxel: phase I/II study 12 patients with anthracycline-pretreated MBC have been treated in an ongoing phase I/II study Recommended dose identified as intermittent Xeloda 900mg/m 2 twice daily plus weekly docetaxel 30mg/m 2 Feasible safety profile with a low incidence of severe myelosuppression –only one grade 4 adverse event (neutropenia) –most common (>10%) grade 3 adverse events were asthenia (five patients) and nail toxicity (four patients) Objective tumour responses in six of 11 evaluable patients Mackey J. 2nd International Breast Cancer International Research Group Conference, Edmonton, Canada, June 26–28, 2000
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Ongoing Xeloda ® combination trials Additional trials are investigating Xeloda plus Weekly paclitaxel/docetaxel Vinorelbine (three studies exploring different schedules) Docetaxel/epirubicin in untreated advanced breast cancer Cyclophosphamide/epirubicin as neo-adjuvant therapy (EORTC) Idarubicin Cyclophosphamide all-oral regimens
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