1. A look at our nearest neighbor in Space! The Moon Free powerpoints at http://www.worldofteaching.comhttp://www.worldofteaching.com

2. What is the Moon? A natural satellite One of more than 96 moons in our Solar System The only moon of the planet Earth

3. Location, location, location! About 384,000 km (240,000 miles) from Earth 3,468 km (2,155 miles) in diameter (about ¼ the size of Earth)

4. Birth of the Moon “Born” 4-5 billion years ago Formed from impact of Mars-sized “planetesimal” on Earth Debris from both objects melted together to form the Moon

5. Cut to the Core 3 major divisions of the Lunar interior Crust - average thickness of about 70 kilometers Mantle Core - radius is between 300 and 425 kilometers

6. The Moon’s Surface No atmosphere No liquid water Extreme temperatures –Daytime = 130  C (265°F) –Nighttime = -190  C (-310  F) 1/6 Earth’s gravity

7. Lunar Features - Highlands Mountains up to 7500 m (25,000 ft) tall Rilles (trenchlike valleys)

8. Lunar Features - Craters Up to 2500 km (1,553 miles) across Most formed by meteorite impact on the Moon Some formed by volcanic action inside the Moon

9. Lunar Features - Maria Originally thought to be “seas” by early astronomers Darkest parts of lunar landscape Filled by lava after crash of huge meteorites on lunar surface 3-4 billion years ago Mostly basalt rock

10. Maria Craters Can you see the rays? Does this photo show us a limb or terminator line?

11. Movements of the Moon Revolution – Moon orbits the Earth every 271/3 days The moon rises in the east and sets in the west The moon rises and sets 50 minutes later each day Rotation – Moon turns on its axis every 27 days Same side of Moon always faces Earth

12. Far Side of the Moon First seen by Luna 3 Russian space probe in 1959 Surface features different from near side –More craters –Very few maria –Thicker crust

13. It’s Just a Phase Moonlight is reflected sunlight Half the moon’s surface is always reflecting light From Earth we see different amounts of the Moon’s lit surface The amount seen is called a “phase”

14. Waxing and Waning New moon Waxing Crescent moon First Quarter moon Waxing Gibbous moon Full moon Waning Gibbous moon Third Quarter moon Waning Crescent moon New moon

15. FULL QUARTER CRESCENT GIBBOUS FOUR MAIN SHAPES

17. New Moon The lighted side of the Moon faces away from the Earth. This means that the Sun, Earth, and Moon are almost in a straight line, with the Moon in between the Sun and the Earth. The Moon that we see looks very dark

18. New Moon

19. First Quarter Moon The right half of the Moon appears lighted and the left side of the Moon appears dark. During the time between the New Moon and the First Quarter Moon, the part of the Moon that appears lighted gets larger and larger every day, and will continue to grow until the Full Moon.

20. First Quarter Moon

21. Third (Last) Quarter Moon Sometimes called Third Quarter. The left half of the Moon appears lighted, and the right side of the Moon appears dark. During the time between the Full Moon and the Last Quarter Moon, the part of the Moon that appears lighted gets smaller and smaller every day. It will continue to shrink until the New Moon, when the cycle starts all over again.

22. Third Quarter Moon

23. Full Moon The lighted side of the Moon faces the Earth. This means that the Earth, Sun, and Moon are nearly in a straight line, with the Earth in the middle. The Moon that we see is very bright from the sunlight reflecting off it.

24. Full Moon

25. Waxing Crescent Moon This Moon can be seen after the New Moon, but before the First Quarter Moon. The crescent will grow larger and larger every day, until the Moon looks like the First Quarter Moon. ("Waxing" means increasing, or growing larger.) http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.html

26. Waxing Crescent Moon http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.html

27. Waxing Gibbous Moon This Moon can be seen after the First Quarter Moon, but before the Full Moon. The amount of the Moon that we can see will grow larger and larger every day. ("Waxing" means increasing, or growing larger.) http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.html

28. Waxing Gibbous Moon http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.html

29. Waning Gibbous Moon This Moon can be seen after the Full Moon, but before the Last Quarter Moon. The amount of the Moon that we can see will grow smaller and smaller every day. ("Waning" means decreasing, or growing smaller.) http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.html

30. Waning Gibbous Moon http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.html

31. Waning Crescent Moon This Moon can be seen after the Last Quarter Moon and before the New Moon. The crescent will grow smaller and smaller every day, until the Moon looks like the New Moon. ("Waning" means decreasing, or growing smaller.) http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.html

32. Waning Crescent Moon http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.html

33. http://www.opencourse.info/astronomy/introduction/04.motion_moon/moon_phases.gif

34. Earth Moon Plane of earth’s orbit Plane of lunar orbit

35. Lunar Eclipses Moon moves into Earth’s shadow – this shadow darkens the Moon –Umbra –Penumbra About 2-3 per year Last up to 4 hours

36. Solar Eclipses Moon moves between Earth and Sun Moon casts a shadow on part of the Earth Total eclipses rare – only once every 360 years from one location!

37. The Tides Tides caused by pull of Moon’s gravity on Earth High tide – –Side facing Moon and side away from Moon –Every 12 hours, 25 ½ minutes Low tide – –On sides of Earth

38. Exploring the Moon 1950s to 1960s - probes Neil Armstrong First man on the Moon – July 20, 1969 Six Apollo missions (1969-1972) –382 kg (842 lbs) rocks 12 Americans have walked on the moon

41. When will we return?

42. Ice on the Moon? 1994 – Clementine probe 1998 – Lunar Prospector

43. Moon base of the future? What would you need to live there?

47. Name this phase! Full Moon What time does this phase rise and set?

48. Name these features. Craters Maria

49. Does this image show us the near side or far side of the moon? Far Side How can you tell?

50. Is this line the limb or terminator? Limb Terminator

51. Name this phase! First Quarter

52. Name this phase! Waxing Crescent

53. Does this image show the near side or the far side of the moon? Near Side

54. Name this phase! Waning Gibbous

55. Name this phase! Third Quarter

56. From what direction does the moon rise? The East

57. Name this phase! Waxing Gibbous

58. Name this phase! Waning Crescent

59. What might be happening in this image? Lunar Eclipse

60. Is this line the limb or the terminator? Limb

61. Name this phase! Look closely! Waxing Gibbous

62. True or False: The Far Side and the Dark Side of the moon are the same thing. False!

63. Name this phase! Full Moon

64. Name this phase! New Moon

65. Does the moon rise or set in the west? It sets in the west.

66. Name this phase! Waning Gibbous

67. Name this phase! Waning Crescent

68. Name this phase! Waning Gibbous

79. The Lunatic: Leesa Hubbard

80. Photo resources http://www.nasm.si.edu/apollo/AS15/a15images.h tmhttp://www.nasm.si.edu/apollo/AS15/a15images.h tm http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogall ery-moon.html#apollohttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogall ery-moon.html#apollo http://clementine.cnes.fr/index.en.html http://cass.jsc.nasa.gov/pub/research/clemen/cleme n.htmlhttp://cass.jsc.nasa.gov/pub/research/clemen/cleme n.html http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0108/15mooncre ate/http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0108/15mooncre ate/ http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/ pxmoon.htmlhttp://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/ pxmoon.html

81. More photo resources http://www.nrl.navy.mil/clementine/clemovies/cle movies_index.htmlhttp://www.nrl.navy.mil/clementine/clemovies/cle movies_index.html http://www.solarviews.com/eng/moon.htm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/620649.stm http://skyandtelescope.com/observing/objects/ecli pses/article_99_1.asphttp://skyandtelescope.com/observing/objects/ecli pses/article_99_1.asp http://lunar.arc.nasa.gov/results/ice/eureka.htm http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/solarsyst em/moon_nss_020604.htmlhttp://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/solarsyst em/moon_nss_020604.html

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