1. William Shakespeare, King Henry VIII, and Queen Elizabeth I Miss Donnelly Background information for Romeo and Juliet

2. William Shakespeare- an overview little is known about him except from public records born in April 1564, died in April 1616 one of greatest writers in English language wrote plays and poems also acted

3. William Shakespeare- the beginning lived in Renaissance England Grew up in the market town of Stratford- upon-Avon Married Anne Hathaway in 1582 (at age eighteen) Births of daughter Susanna (1583) and twins: Judith and Hamnet (1585)

4. William Shakespeare’s success By 1592 Shakespeare had achieved some prominence in London as both an actor and a playwright in 1593 Shakespeare became a published poet. Records for December of 1594 show him to be a leading member of the Lord Chamberlain's Men Was a principal actor, dramatist, and part owner of acting company Queen Elizabeth I attended some productions

5. William Shakespeare- The Globe years In 1599, Shakespeare's company built a theater for themselves across the river from London, naming it the Globe. The plays that are considered by many to be Shakespeare's major tragedies (Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth) were written while the company was resident in this theater Many of Shakespeare's plays were performed at court (both for Queen Elizabeth I and, after her death in 1603, for King James I)

6. The Globe Theatre The first “proper” theater Only men acted seating capacity of up to 3,000 spectators. There was no lighting, all performances at the Globe were conducted, weather permitting, during the day Seating charts reflected hierarchy of Elizabethan England in the early days—one penny ($1.66) to get in and another penny if you wanted to sit in the balconies

7. The Globe Burned down when a cannon shot during a performance of Henry VIII ignited the thatched roof of the gallery Was rebuilt later on before Shakespeare’s death

8. William Shakespeare- The Final Years Sometime between 1610 and 1613 Shakespeare seems to have returned to live in Stratford-upon- Avon, where he owned a large house and considerable property, and where his wife and his two daughters and their husbands lived. (His son Hamnet had died in 1596.) William Shakespeare died in Stratford on April 23, 1616 (according to the epitaph carved under his bust in Holy Trinity Church) and was buried on April 25.

9. Henry VIII Henry was the king of England Henry’s first wife was Katherine Katherine failed to produce a male heir - did produce a daughter– Mary Tudor Henry imprisoned his first wife  denied that they were still married

10. Henry, Anne, and Elizabeth Catholics didn’t allow divorce, so King Henry created his own church in which he can get a divorce  Anglican Church (Church of England)  Married Anne Boleyn in new church Married Anne Boleyn  miscarried twice, but produced a daughter  Elizabeth Tudor  born on September 7, 1533 Katherine (1st wife) died same month as the Boleyn's last miscarriage

11. Katherine and Anne Catholic critics considered him a widower and free to marry again in Catholic Church  Catholic Church did not recognize 2nd marriage because Catholics did not believe in divorce Henry was able to annul marriage to Anne  He accused her of adultery and incest  Was executed on 5/19/1536

12. Henry VIII Henry was single again and ready to marry Henry married Jane Seymour 12 days later  Prince Edward was born in Oct. 1537  Seymour died due to complications Henry then married Anne of Cleves (4 th wife) Then Catherine Howard (5 th wife) Katharine Parr (6 th wife)

13. The Forgotten Wives of Henry VIII Anne of Cleves (4 th )  Henry VIII found her homely, but married her to form an alliance with William Duke of Cleves (brother  When threat of an attack by Holy Roman Empire dissipated, the marriage was a political embarrassment  Annulled by Anglican Church in 1540

14. The Forgotten Wives of Henry VIII Catherine Howard (5 th )  Maid of honor for Anne of Cleves  He learned that she had several affairs before marriage and probably committed adultery  Had Parliament pass a bill making it treason for any unchaste woman to marry a king  Was beheaded in 1542

15. The Forgotten Wives of Henry VIII Katharine Howard (Catherine- formal spelling) 6 th  Daughter of official in royal household  After Henry died in 1547 married Baron Thomas Seymour  Maintain close relationship with his children  Died shortly after giving birth to a daughter

16. Succession of the throne King Henry VIII died  Prince Edward took throne with help of uncle Edward died w/o a male heir  Throne was given to eldest daughter Mary Mary imprisoned Elizabeth  Thought she was trying to overthrow her Mary ruled and then died during birth of her child

17. Succession of the throne Child died as well Elizabeth (like Henry) was a Protestant Mary (sister-recently deceased) was a Catholic Mary had to choose to either execute Elizabeth or leave her the throne when she died

18. Elizabeth’s reign Elizabeth I receives of her sister’s death and that she will inherit the throne in 1558.

19. Elizabeth’s reign Council members pressured her to marry and have an heir to secure the throne She began to tire of it and refused to marry She ruled the rest of her life as “The Virgin Queen” Elizabeth I died 3/24/1603 from a bad cold

20. Protestant Reformation and Martin Luther Criticism of the ChurchIndulgences