1. PETROLEUM AS A BUILDING SOURCE Petrochemicals- from oil/nat.gas Detergents, plastics, drugs, fabrics, cosmetics, rubber, etc. Few molecules needed to build a variety of very different substances Ethene (ethylene) C 2 H 4 Double bond between C ’ s is very reactive- easily combines with other substances to make new compounds Addition Reaction- reaction at the double bond: with water or itself

2. PETROLEUM AS A BUILDING SOURCE Each additional ethylene contains a double bond, so… long chains form called polyethylene Polymer- a large molecule composed of repeating units Addition Polymers form from addition reactions Resemble ethene but one of ethene ’ s H atoms is replaced by an atom or atoms of different elements Ex) vinyl chloride, styrene, acrylonitrile Atoms that make up the monomer determine the properties of the polymer

3. ADDITION REACTIONS Addition reaction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gUUSPtyvdHk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FP_h_ARW3U&featur e=related https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FP_h_ARW3U&featur e=related Addition & Condensation reaction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YzGZl-J0wWQ

4. PETROLEUM AS A BUILDING SOURCE Condensation Polymers form from condensation reactions resulting in the loss of simple molecules (such as water) when monomers join Ex) nylon, polyester, starch, cellulose, polyethylene teraphalate (PET) PET used for clothing, soda bottles, videotape, surgical tubing Contains additives that may be harmful when incinerated or landfilled May be recycled by DuPont process to create monomers for new polymers Esters can be made by condensation reactions with organic acids and alcohols