1. 1 National Statistical Institutes Business models and geostatistics Overview - presentation ESTP course on Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Use of GIS for making statistics in a production environment Statistics Norway, Oslo, 26th to 30th of March 2012 Mr Erik Sommer Master Political Science/Chief Adviser Statistics Denmark Customer Centre Sejrøgade 11, DK-2100 Copenhagen DENMARK eso@dst.dk Tel. +45 3917 3582 Mob. +45 4117 3582 Attribution (by) Licensees may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author or licensor the credits in the manner specified by these. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

2. 2 Agenda. 1: Business model – ”Wikipedia input/reflections”. 2: European Forum for Geostatistics (EFGS) – ”Business approach”. 3: European Forum for Geostatistics (EFGS) – ”Data access”. 4: Eurostat/Inspire – ”Data request/reflections”. 5: Questions/approaches/reflections. 6: Demo of data handling grid data – Denmark (but only if time permits). 2

3. 3 National Statistical Institutes Business models and geostatistics Definition and layout ESTP course on Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Use of GIS for making statistics in a production environment Statistics Norway, Oslo, 26th to 30th of March 2012 Mr Erik Sommer Master Political Science/Chief Adviser Statistics Denmark Customer Centre Sejrøgade 11, DK-2100 Copenhagen DENMARK eso@dst.dk Tel. +45 3917 3582 Mob. +45 4117 3582 Attribution (by) Licensees may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author or licensor the credits in the manner specified by these. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

4. 4 Business Model – wikipedia 4

5. 5 Business Strategy – creating value A business model describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and captures value [1] (economic, social, or other forms of value). The process of business model construction is part of business strategy.rationale organization [1]business strategy 5

6. 6 Core aspects of a business – purpose and offerings. In theory and practice the term business model is used for a broad range of informal and formal descriptions to represent core aspects of a business, including purpose, offerings, strategies, infrastructure, organizational structures, trading practices, and operational processes and policies.business 6

7. 7 Employing a business model – value creation and delivery. Whenever a business is established, it either explicitly or implicitly employs a particular business model that describes the architecture of the value creation, delivery, and capture mechanisms employed by the business enterprise. 7

8. 8 Entices customers to pay for value – making use of data ”Business case”. The essence of a business model is that it defines the manner by which the business enterprise delivers value to customers, entices customers to pay for value, and converts those payments to profit. 8

9. 9 Offering a basic product at a very low cost – the ”bait and hook” model. Over the years, business models have become much more sophisticated. The bait and hook business model (also referred to as the "razor and blades business model" or the "tied products business model") was introduced in the early 20th century. This involves offering a basic product at a very low cost, often at a loss (the "bait"), then charging compensatory recurring amounts for refills or associated products or services (the "hook").razor and blades business model 9

10. 10 Examples of bait/hook model – very low cost and then value added. razor (bait) and blades (hook); cell phones (bait) and air time (hook); computer printers (bait) and ink cartridge refills (hook); cameras (bait) and prints (hook). 10

11. 11 Adobe – free document reader (twist) An interesting variant of this model is Adobe, a software developer that gives away its document reader free of charge but charges several hundred dollars for its document writer.Adobe 11

12. 12 Using technology reaching large number of customers with minimal costs. Today, the type of business models might depend on how technology is used. For example, entrepreneurs on the internet have also created entirely new models that depend entirely on existing or emergent technology. Using technology, businesses can reach a large number of customers with minimal costs. 12

13. 13 Business model for grid data. Reaching users by providing data. Payment based on cost recovery. Making joint efforts by making data available. 13

14. 14 National Statistical Institutes Business models and geostatistics Options for access to population Grid data ESTP course on Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Use of GIS for making statistics in a production environment Statistics Norway, Oslo, 26th to 30th of March 2012 Mr Erik Sommer Master Political Science/Chief Adviser Statistics Denmark Customer Centre Sejrøgade 11, DK-2100 Copenhagen DENMARK eso@dst.dk Tel. +45 3917 3582 Mob. +45 4117 3582 Attribution (by) Licensees may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author or licensor the credits in the manner specified by these. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

15. 15 EFGS: Options for access to population Grid data Options for access to data – 3 levels: Level 1: free access Level 2: password required – restricted access Level 3: payment required 15

16. 16 EFGS: Option for access to population Grid data – level 1 Level 1: Access (free) If we put all available population grid data (by country) on EFGS website then : * Free access to data because we want to promote the use * Data is historical data more than 5 years old 16

17. 17 EFGS: Option for access to population Grid data – level 2 Level 2: Access (password required) If we put all available population grid data (by country) on EFGS website then : * you need a password to get into the "data treasure site" but data is free of charge * before you get in you need to klick that you agree on certain contract/agreement. 17

18. 18 EFGS: Option for access to population Grid data – level 3 Level 3: Access (payment required) If we put all available population grid data (by country) on EFGS website then : * you need a password to get into the "data treasure site" and you need to pay for the use of data * before you get in you need to klick that you agree on certain contract/agreement including payment. 18

19. 19 National Statistical Institutes Business models and geostatistics EFGS – access to data /available for download ESTP course on Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Use of GIS for making statistics in a production environment Statistics Norway, Oslo, 26th to 30th of March 2012 Mr Erik Sommer Master Political Science/Chief Adviser Statistics Denmark Customer Centre Sejrøgade 11, DK-2100 Copenhagen DENMARK eso@dst.dk Tel. +45 3917 3582 Mob. +45 4117 3582 Attribution (by) Licensees may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author or licensor the credits in the manner specified by these. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

20. 20 European Forum for Geostatistics - www.efgs.info www.efgs.info 20

21. 21 Gridded population data on 100m x 100m grid produced by Statistics Netherlands 21

22. 22 Statistics Netherland – grid data 22

23. 23 Map with statistics 100 by 100 meters Map with statistics per square of 100 by 100 meters On this map with squares (89 Mb), the Netherlands is divided into squares of 100 by 100 meters. To each of these squares statistical data are added. The digital geometry of the limits of the squares is provided in ESRI-shape ™ format. The map covers the land and water in the Netherlands according to the most recent map of the Land Use File of the CBS with the exception of the IJsselmeer, the Wadden Sea and Westerschelde. Sources Publication of digital geometry is permitted provided that the CBS as a sourcestated. 23

24. 24 Download of data - Netherland 24

25. 25 Netherland – Population data from 2000-2010. 25

26. 26 Gridded population data up to 100mx100m produced by Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia are free for download. 26

27. 27 Slovenia – Geostatistics portal(s) ”Kasper”. 27

28. 28 Kasper – Mapping application of statistical data. 28

29. 29 Statistical regions and grids. 29

30. 30 1000 meter grid – population, age groups. 30

31. 31 Selecting age groups and sex. 31

32. 32 Google maps and features 32

33. 33 Displaying data – transparency and resetting features. 33

34. 34 Changing values. 34

35. 35 Mean age – changing variables setup. 35

36. 36 Slovenia data: Save to PDF. 36

37. 37 Kasper files for Slovenia. 37

38. 38 Slovenia: PDF output – displayed. 38

39. 39 EFGS – European datasets. 39

40. 40 GEOSTAT 2006 population grid dataset. 40

41. 41 1x1 km grid population dataset. 41

42. 42 Denmark 1x1 km population grid – 2006. 42

43. 43 Usage condition agreement – internal use. 43 Subject of this license and usage condition agreement are the data contained in the file GEOSTAT_Grid_POP_2006_1K.csv. The data may be freely copied, published and distributed by the user within the user’s own organisation (enterprise, governmental authority or municipality). Limitations to use of the national data marked in the field DATA_SRC in file GEOSTAT_Grid_POP_2006_1K.csv:

44. 44 Limitations apply to the use and dissemination of the grid dataset outside the user’s organisation. 44 The data produced by Statistics AT, FI, FR, SE, DK, PL, EE, SI, NL, NO, UK, PT shall be the property of respective National Statistical Office. The data records produced by the above organisations are flagged with their ISO country code in the attribute DATA_SRC. The following limitations apply to the use and dissemination of the parts of the grid dataset produced by the above countries outside the user’s organisation: the dataset shall not, either in whole or in part, be sold to others or otherwise used for commercial purposes by the user. The user shall also refrain from disseminating the dataset to multiple clients, outside the user’s own organisation.

45. 45 Sweden – restrictions for use 45 In addition for SE: All rights to the product shall be the property of Statistics Sweden under the provisions of the Copyright Act (1960:729). The Copyright Act contains provisions for penalties and damages related to copyright violation. Users who wish to use the dataset for commercial purposes or to dissiminate the dataset without charges should contact Statistics Sweden in order to make an agreement.

46. 46 Denmark – restrictions for use 46 In addition for DK: All rights to the product shall be the property of Statistics Denmark. Users that wish to use the dataset for commercial purposes or to disseminate the dataset without charges should contact Statistics Denmark in order to make an agreement. Trade with Statistics Denmark is governed by Danish law. Any dispute that cannot be resolved by negotiations between the parties must be settled by the Maritime and Commercial Court in Copenhagen as the court of first instance.

47. 47 National Statistical Institutes Business models and geostatistics Eurostat & Inspire request for data Business model and reflections ESTP course on Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Use of GIS for making statistics in a production environment Statistics Norway, Oslo, 26th to 30th of March 2012 Mr Erik Sommer Master Political Science/Chief Adviser Statistics Denmark Customer Centre Sejrøgade 11, DK-2100 Copenhagen DENMARK eso@dst.dk Tel. +45 3917 3582 Mob. +45 4117 3582 Attribution (by) Licensees may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author or licensor the credits in the manner specified by these. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

48. 48 Eurostat: need for closer cooperation 48

49. 49 Population and dwellings in flooding zones in Austria – appropriate scale of Geostatistics depends on the study. 49

50. 50 Geostat project – confidentiality rules, business models vs. free and easy public data access. 50

51. 51 Geostat project – first and second phase. 51

52. 52 Inspire/Eurostat – request for data. ”We would like reactions e-mailed at inspire-twg-su- pd@udo-maack.eu before the 20th of March, in order to be able to collaborate these reactions in time in the last version 3.0 of the data specifications”.inspire-twg-su- pd@udo-maack.eu ”On behalf of the INSPIRE Thematical Working Group for Statistical Units and Population Distribution (TWG SU-PD), I would like to send out the following question, that has also been announced during the presentation of Beatrice Eiselt last GISCO meeting regarding Inspire”. Pieter Bresters, Senior geospecialist, CBS Netherland 52

53. 53 Inspire: Request in regards to two themes the Statistical Units (SU) and Population Distribution (PD). One of the complains about version 2.0 of the Data specification for Statistical Units (SU) and Population Distribution (PD) is that it is not clear what is required and what is recommended. In order to be more specific about this the TWG SU PD would like your opinion on the following suggestions. 53

54. 54 Inspire: Data request for Population Distribution (PD) – age data. As a minimum of data to be provided for Population Distribution we suggest: the total population at residence place, people in 5 year age groups, grouped in ages of 0 until less than 15, 15 until less than 65, 65 and older only the most recent data, minimum spatial data aggregation is municipality level besides 1 km2 grid 54

55. 55 Inspire: Data request for Statistical Units (SU) – reference to Population dataset. As a minimum of data to be provided for Statistical Units we suggest: At least provide what is provided via PD or other Inspire themes that refer to SU If SU and PD data (or other Inspire themes that refer to SU) are provided by different organisations, this should be coordinated at country level or at European level if this problem occurs with European wide datasets. One could consider using generalized geometry if licenses prevent joint geoservices for SU and PD or other Inspire themes. 55

56. 56 Statistics Denmark – reply: in regards to population data. With reference to the above-mentioned meeting, I am pleased to inform you that Statistics Denmark is willing to deliver population data on a 1x1 km grid cells. We will have to demand payment for such a service. On the 1x1 km grid cells we can supply count of persons and distribution of 5- year age intervals. 1x1 km grid cells are sufficiently large geographic areas to avoid confidentiality problems at this level of detail in the break-down of other variables. We can deliver data as of 1 January 2012. Data at municipal level are freely available in the Statistics Bank, www.statbank.dk.www.statbank.dk 56

57. 57 Statistics Denmark – point of view 57 Delivery of grid data such as 1x1 km population breakdowns (gender, age groups, day-and-night time population) is developed exclusively for our paying customers and free access would have severe consequences. We support closer cooperation on harmonised methods to manage disclosure control, pricing options and dissemination.

58. 58 Eurostat: High level workshop 58

59. 59 Eurostat High Level Workshop on 15-16 May in Luxembourg on Geo-Spatial Information. Denmark presentation 1: Visualization. Statistics Denmark can offer presentations on one or more of the following topics: 1. Visualization. We can make presentations of selected areas on the grid in Statistics eXplorer such as Bornholm grid. Might be relevant to look at boarder areas such as Denmark / Germany and Denmark / Sweden. 59

60. 60 Eurostat High Level Workshop on 15-16 May in Luxembourg on Geo-Spatial Information. Denmark Presentations 2a: Discretion. 2. Discretion: Eurostat requests population data with individuals as a unit. In Statistics Denmark, we have laid down guidelines within the Research service where the requirement is at least 100 persons and 50 households in a grid cell or a cluster of grid cells. In Customer Service, we use households as the unit, and cluster requirements depend on the level of detail of the other variables, with clusters of at least 20, 50, 100 or 150 households. 60

61. 61 Eurostat High Level Workshop on 15-16 May in Luxembourg on Geo-Spatial Information. Denmark Presentations 2b: Clusters. 2. Clusters are made either by customers or by Statistics Denmark. The clusters may be proximity clusters (consisting of neighbouring squares), or optimal clusters optimization (consisting of similar squares). Cluster requirement must be met for at least 2 years since the register data are most frequently related to different compilation times. Besides statistical clusters which are enriched with data subsequently, we also offer optimization models where the clusters are optimized for such fulfillment. Here the cluster requirement will be higher. 61

62. 62 Eurostat High Level Workshop on 15-16 May in Luxembourg on Geo-Spatial Information. Denmark presentation 3: Compensation - payment. 3. Compensation: Statistics Denmark is charging for our deliveries with grid data. In this area there is significant difference between the European countries, as some countries make it freely available (see examples www.efgs.info ), other countries require payment (eg Denmark and Sweden) and other countries do not desire to deliver data at this level (eg Germany). In Statistics Denmark, we have plans to include grid data as a possible product in our paid databank. www.efgs.info 62

63. 63 Eurostat High Level Workshop on 15-16 May in Luxembourg on Geo-Spatial Information. Approaches. Data available free of charge – examples from www.efgs.info countries such as Netherland and Slovenia. www.efgs.info Data available either with restriction and/or as payment service – examples from www.efgs.info countries such as Denmark and Sweden.www.efgs.info Data not available countries such as Germany for political reasons. 63

64. 64 Eurostat High Level Workshop on 15-16 May in Luxembourg on Geo-Spatial Information. Distribution. Data available free of charge – download from www.efgs.info and/or Eurostat. www.efgs.info Purchase from the National Statistical Institutions. Purchase from private companies. Any role in distribution and sales for European Forum for Geostatistics. 64

65. 65 National Statistical Institutes Business models and geostatistics Questions - reflections ESTP course on Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Use of GIS for making statistics in a production environment Statistics Norway, Oslo, 26th to 30th of March 2012 Mr Erik Sommer Master Political Science/Chief Adviser Statistics Denmark Customer Centre Sejrøgade 11, DK-2100 Copenhagen DENMARK eso@dst.dk Tel. +45 3917 3582 Mob. +45 4117 3582 Attribution (by) Licensees may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author or licensor the credits in the manner specified by these. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

66. 66 Current status and experiences. How do you provide grid data or other data on small geographical areas in your statistical office? 1: Data available free of charge? 2: Data available with restrictions? 3: Data available only on a payment basis? 4: Data not available 66

67. 67 Business Model. What are the best solutions for distributing the grid based statistics to the users and/or customers? 1: Data available free of charge? 2: Data available with restrictions? 3: Data available only on a payment basis? 4: Data not available 67