1. Chapter 2 Slide 1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

2. Chapter 2 Slide 2 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Diverse Structures and Common Characteristics of Developing Nations Chapter 2

3. Chapter 2 Slide 3 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Defining the Developing World n The UN’s System n World Bank’s System n The UNDP’s Human Development Index n The OECD’s system

4. Chapter 2 Slide 4 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

5. Chapter 2 Slide 5 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

6. Chapter 2 Slide 6 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 2.1 The Developed and Developing World, 2002

7. Chapter 2 Slide 7 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 2.1 The Developed and Developing World, 2002 cont’d

8. Chapter 2 Slide 8 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. The Structural Diversity of Developing Economies n Size and income level

9. Chapter 2 Slide 9 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

10. Chapter 2 Slide 10 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. The Structural Diversity of Developing Economies n Size and income level n Historical background n Physical and human resources n Ethnic and religious composition n Relative importance of public and private sectors n Industrial structure

11. Chapter 2 Slide 11 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

12. Chapter 2 Slide 12 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. The Structural Diversity of Developing Economies n Size and income level n Historical background n Physical and human resources n Ethnic and religious composition n Relative importance of public and private sectors n Industrial structure n External dependence n Political structure, power, and interest groups

13. Chapter 2 Slide 13 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Characteristics of Developing Nations n Low levels of living –Per capita national income

14. Chapter 2 Slide 14 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 2.2 Per Capita Gross National Product in Selected Countries, 1997 (in U.S. dollars at official exchange rates)

15. Chapter 2 Slide 15 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

16. Chapter 2 Slide 16 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Characteristics of Developing Nations n Low levels of living –Per capita national income –Relative growth rates of national and per capita income

17. Chapter 2 Slide 17 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

18. Chapter 2 Slide 18 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Characteristics of Developing Nations n Low levels of living –Per capita national income –Relative growth rates of national and per capita income –Distribution of national income

19. Chapter 2 Slide 19 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

20. Chapter 2 Slide 20 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Characteristics of Developing Nations n Low levels of living –Per capita national income –Relative growth rates of national and per capita income –Distribution of national income –Extent of poverty

21. Chapter 2 Slide 21 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

22. Chapter 2 Slide 22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Characteristics of Developing Nations n Low levels of living –Per capita national income –Relative growth rates of national and per capita income –Distribution of national income –Extent of poverty –health

23. Chapter 2 Slide 23 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 2.3 Infant Mortality Rates in Selected Countries, 1998 (per 1,00 live births)

24. Chapter 2 Slide 24 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

25. Chapter 2 Slide 25 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Characteristics of Developing Nations n Low levels of living –Per capita national income –Relative growth rates of national and per capita income –Distribution of national income –Extent of poverty –Health –Education –The Human Development Index

26. Chapter 2 Slide 26 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

27. Chapter 2 Slide 27 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

28. Chapter 2 Slide 28 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Characteristics of Developing Nations n Low levels of living n Low levels of productivity n High rates of population growth and dependency burdens

29. Chapter 2 Slide 29 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

30. Chapter 2 Slide 30 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Characteristics of Developing Nations n Low levels of living n Low levels of productivity n High rates of population growth and dependency burdens n Substantial dependence on agricultural production and primary exports

31. Chapter 2 Slide 31 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

32. Chapter 2 Slide 32 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 2.4 Composition of World Exports (percentages of primary and manufactured products)

33. Chapter 2 Slide 33 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Characteristics of Developing Nations n Low levels of living n Low levels of productivity n High rates of population growth and dependency burdens n Substantial dependence on agricultural production and primary-product exports n Prevalence of imperfect markets n Dependence and vulnerability

34. Chapter 2 Slide 34 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Concepts for Review n Absolute poverty n Brain drain n Crude birthrate n Death rate n Dependency burden n Developed world n Foreign exchange n Gross domestic product (GDP) n Gross national product (GNP) n Human Development Index (HDI) n Imperfect markets n Income gap n Income inequality n Incomplete information

35. Chapter 2 Slide 35 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Concepts for Review, cont’d n Infant mortality rate n International poverty line n Labor productivity n Least developed countries (LLDCs) n Levels of living n Low income countries (LICs) n Malnutrition n Middle-income countries (MICs) n Mixed economic systems n Newly industrialized countries (NICs) n Physical resources

36. Chapter 2 Slide 36 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Concepts for Review, cont’d n Primary industrial sector n Production function n Purchasing power equivalent n Purchasing power parity (PPP) n Resource endowment n Secondary industrial sector n Tertiary industrial sector n World Bank