What Defines Life? What are the Characteristics of Life? All living things, including plants, animals, insects, bacteria, etc… exhibit seven characteristics.

What Defines Life? What are the Characteristics of Life? All living things, including plants, animals, insects, bacteria, etc… exhibit seven characteristics that are used to define what is Alive from what is not. Unit 1: Life What is Life?

There are 7 Characteristics of Life Living things respond to stimuli Living things obtain and use energy Living things are organized Living things develop & grow Living things can reproduce Living things can adapt Living things are made of cells C A R G O E S

Unit 1: Life What is Life? Living things are made of cellsUnicellular Uni = One Living organism that exist only as one single cell. They do not contain tissues, organs, or organ systems Multicellular Multi = Many Living organism that contain more than one cell. These cells require further organization to complete the more complex organism.

Simple & Complex Unicellular Organisms Amoeba Yeast Simple Unicellular Organisms Complex Unicellular Organisms E. coli Paramecium

Unit 1: Life What is Life? There are 7 Characteristics of Life Living things respond to stimuli Living things obtain and use energy Living things are organized Living things develop & grow Living things can reproduce Living things can adapt Living things are made of cells C A R G O E S

Adaptation - An inherited behavior or characteristic (passed on through genes from generation to generation) that enables an organism to better survive in their environment. Ultimately, this allows them a better chance to reproduce and pass those traits onto their offspring. Unit 1: Life What is Life? natural selection Over time, adaptations are modified by natural selection. Note: If the sand changed to a white color… this guy would be a lot less camouflaged!!! Living things can adapt

The Great Misconception!!! adaptationacclimationThere is a great difference between adaptation and acclimation. –Adaptation occurs over many generations as certain traits/characteristics are passed on from parents to subsequent offspring; it is a gradual process caused by natural selection. –Acclimation generally occurs within a single lifetime and deals with the idea of an organism adjusting to their environment using only the traits and characteristics they already possess.

This is not an example of how a human would adapt to walking long distances!!!

Humans, Cheetahs, Whales, & Bats all share similar bone structures in their limbs. But the shape, organization, and design of their limbs best suits the particular needs of each species. Each organism has a limb structure that shows how each species has adapted over many generations so that they are best suited to their particular environment.

Your Turn… Are the following examples of Acclimation or Adaptation??? 1.A man moves from a cold environment to the desert. Pretty soon he does not find the environment very hot. 2.You get sent to a new country which always serves really spicy food. You adapt/acclimate to the spicy food? 3.An antelope in Africa has a white belly and a tanned colored back to help them cope with the harsh temperatures and blistering sun.

Living organisms must be able to create new living organisms thereby passing along their inheritable genetic characteristics. This can occur by sexual reproduction. This can occur by asexual reproduction. Unit 1: Life What is Life? Living things can reproduce

Unit 1: Life What is Life? Living things develop & grow *** There are two components to this characteristic: Growth Organism can grow when their cells increase in size or mass Organism can grow when their cells increase in numberDevelop Development is different from growth Organisms develop when their cells change shape or form.

Growth vs. Development Organism or cells increase in size & mass Growth Organism increases in the number of cells During the 40 weeks that a female human is pregnant, there is significant development that occurs in the baby. Development

Unit 1: Life What is Life? Living things are organized Living things are not designed haphazardly. Everything within their design is the result of purposeful organization. This leads to a vital concept: “Form Fits Function” Organization is consistent throughout the biological world and occurs from the smallest of atoms up through the entire planet.

Unit 1: Life What is Life? Living things are organized Increasing Levels of Organization Biological Biological organization

Unit 1: Life What is Life? Living things obtain and use energy Many organisms must first seek out food, eat the food, break the food down into simpler molecules such as the sugar glucose and then convert that glucose into energy. Other living organisms cannot actively seek out food (such as a plant) and therefore instead they must first produce their own food mainly through the process of photosynthesis to create molecules such as glucose, then only once the glucose is made can they then convert that glucose into energy.

Plantsbacteriaprotists algaePlants and certain species of bacteria, protists, and algae undergo photosynthesis to make glucose –Water + Carbon Dioxide  sunlight  Glucose + Oxygen –6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2  sunlight  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Animals eat food to obtain glucose –Eat Food  Chemically Digest Food  Glucose –Eat Food  Chemically Digest Food  C 6 H 12 O 6 Both Plants & Animals take that glucose and convert it into energy in a process called cellular respiration –Glucose + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy –C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2  6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + Energy Living things obtain and use energy

Photosynthesis Convert Sunlight Into Food to make Glucose Catch/Eat/Consume Food & Chemically Digest it into Glucose Plants & certain Bacteria, Protists, & Algae Animals Convert Glucose Into Energy (ATP)

Glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 Sunlight Oxygen O 2 Water H 2 O Photosynthesis is the process whereby plants and certain species of bacteria, protists, and algae convert solar energy into the food source glucose. Carbon Dioxide CO 2

~ Organelle Involved with Cellular Respiration ~ Glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 Oxygen O 2 Carbon Dioxide CO 2 Water H 2 O Energy ATP Mitochondria Cellular Respiration is the process whereby ALL living organisms convert glucose into usable energy stored as ATP. Photosynthesis (Plants, certain Bacteria, Protists, & Algae) Animals Eat Food

Unit 1: Life What is Life? Living things respond to stimuli A stimulus is: An agent, action, or condition that elicits or accelerates a physiological or psychological activity or response. Loud unexpected noise  You flinch Smell freshly cooked pizza  Your mouth waters Blood in water  Shark smells/tastes and swims to it You touch a hot stove  Pull finger off quickly Your Turn 

“Put your Hands UP Mister!!!”

“This is FUN!!!!”

“Need Water!!!”

Question: Which of the 7 Characteristics of Life are not necessarily required by any one specific individual but are characteristics that are vital in ensuring the survival of the entire species of that organism? Living things can reproduce Living things can adapt

What Defines Life? What are the Characteristics of Life? All living things, including plants, animals, insects, bacteria, etc… exhibit seven characteristics.

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What Defines Life? What are the Characteristics of Life? All living things, including plants, animals, insects, bacteria, etc… exhibit seven characteristics.

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Presentation on theme: "What Defines Life? What are the Characteristics of Life? All living things, including plants, animals, insects, bacteria, etc… exhibit seven characteristics."— Presentation transcript:

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