1. Basic Safeguarding REFRESHER In partnership with Bexley Safeguarding Children Board and London Safeguarding Children Board

2. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Who is this training for? This training is aimed at childcare staff who have not done any significant safeguarding training in the last 3 years (naughty!) Managers, Designated Persons for Safeguarding and experienced Childminders should aim to refresh at a more advanced (Group 5) level.

3. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Aim: To refresh an awareness of, and the ability to act on concerns about the safety and welfare of children and young people.

4. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Learning Outcomes: At the end of this course, participants will be able to: Understand the importance of managing personal attitudes to and beliefs about Safeguarding Children. Be able to identify signs and symptoms of child abuse. Demonstrate greater understanding and knowledge of the key pieces of legislation and guidance that underpin policies and procedures related to Safeguarding Children.

5. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Develop skills to make a referral to Children’s Social Care. Know what to do if they have concerns about a child including those at risk of or suffering significant harm. Know what will happen once they have informed someone of those concerns. Understand the processes outlined in “What to do if You’re worried a Child is Being Abused”, including how to share information.

6. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Personal Perspectives: Using the question sheet, answer as quickly as possible. Go with your “gut reaction” PS. It’s not a test…

7. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk ‘Ultimately, effective safeguarding of children can only be achieved by putting children at the centre of the system and by every individual and agency playing their full part, working together to meet the needs of our most vulnerable children.’ (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children, 2015)

8. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Professionals in all agencies have a responsibility to refer a child to LA children's social care when it is believed or suspected that the child:  Has suffered significant harm;  Is likely to suffer significant harm. (Source: London Safeguarding Children Board Child Protection Procedures, 5 th Edition)

9. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children is defined for the purposes of this guidance as:  protecting children from maltreatment;  preventing impairment of children's health or development;  ensuring that children grow up in circumstances consistent with the provision of safe and effective care; and  taking action to enable all children to have the best outcomes. (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children, 2015)

10. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Where need is relatively low level individual services and universal services may be able to take swift action. For other emerging needs a range of early help services may be required, coordinated through an early help assessment …. (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children, 2015)

11. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk If at any time it is considered that the child may be a child in need as defined in the Children Act 1989, or that the child has suffered significant harm or is likely to do so, a referral should be made immediately to local authority children’s social care. (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children, 2015)

12. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk A child in need is defined under the Children Act 1989 as a child who is unlikely to achieve or maintain a satisfactory level of health or development, or their health and development will be significantly impaired, without the provision of services; or a child who is disabled. In these cases, assessments by a social worker are carried out under section 17 of the Children Act 1989. (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children, 2015)

13. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Where there are child protection concerns (reasonable cause to suspect a child is suffering or likely to suffer significant harm) local authority social care services must make enquiries and decide if any action must be taken under section 47 of the Children Act 1989. (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children, 2015)

14. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk  ‘harm’ means ill-treatment or the impairment of health or development, including, for example, impairment suffered from seeing or hearing the ill- treatment of another;  ‘development’ means physical, intellectual, emotional, social or behavioural development;  ‘health’ means physical or mental health; and  ‘ill-treatment’ includes sexual abuse and forms of ill-treatment which are not physical. (Source: Children Act 1989 as amended by the Adoption and Children Act 2002)

15. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Where the question of whether harm suffered by a child is significant turns on the child’s health or development, his health or development shall be compared with that which could reasonably be expected of a similar child. (Source: Children Act 1989)

16. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk There are no absolute criteria on which to rely when judging what constitutes significant harm. Consideration of the severity of ill-treatment may include the degree and the extent of physical harm, the duration and frequency of abuse and neglect, the extent of premeditation, and the presence or degree of threat, coercion, sadism and bizarre or unusual elements. Each of these elements has been associated with more severe effects on the child, and/or relatively greater difficulty in helping the child overcome the adverse impact of the maltreatment. Sometimes, a single traumatic event may constitute significant harm.

17. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk More often, significant harm is a compilation of significant events, both acute and long-standing, which interrupt, change or damage the child’s physical and psychological development. Some children live in family and social circumstances where their health and development are neglected. For them, it is the corrosiveness of long-term emotional, physical or sexual abuse that causes impairment to the extent of constituting significant harm. In each case, it is necessary to consider any maltreatment alongside the family’s strengths and supports.

18. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Exercise: In pairs, can you list who you think are the most vulnerable groups of children (i.e. most likely to suffer harm)

19. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Children who may be more vulnerable to being harmed babies and younger children disabled children children who are isolated children who are already thought of as a problem (e.g. children in care; children in secure accommodation, children with emotional/behavioural difficulties)

20. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk The under-ones are particularly vulnerable to abuse (although it should be remembered that abuse can happen at any age). The homicide rate for under-ones is nearly five times greater than the average. Babies under one have the highest rate of child protection plans.

21. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk  Over two thirds (68%) of children killed at the hands of another person in England and Wales are aged under five years.  Infants aged under one year are more at risk of being killed at the hands of another person than any other single year age group in England and Wales. Source: NSPCC, 2014  42% of children who are the subject of a child protection plan are under 4 years old. Source: Department for Education, 2013

22. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Disabled children are: 3.8 time more likely to be neglected; 3.8 more likely to be physically abused; 3.1 times more likely to be emotionally abused. (Source: Safeguarding disabled children-Practice guidance - DCSF 2009)

23. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Professionals must take special care to help safeguard and promote the welfare of children and young people who may be living in particularly stressful circumstances. These include families: living in poverty; where there is domestic violence; where a parent has a mental illness; where a parent is misusing drugs or alcohol; where a parent has a learning disability; that face racism and other forms of social isolation; living in areas with a lot of crime, poor housing and high unemployment. (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children 2015)

24. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Little test… Can you name the 4 main pieces of legislation that pertain to Safeguarding and Child Protection? (would you know where to find them, either at your setting or for reference?)

25. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Children Act 1989 - Education Act 2002 -Children Act 2004

26. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk

27. Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk

28. Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Concerns about other adults in the setting If you have a concern about any other adult in your setting you must refer these to your Designated Lead for Safeguarding and/or your Manager. They will take appropriate action e.g. referral to the Local Authority Designated Officer. Full procedures for allegations against staff must be in your policy/procedure document.

29. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk A form of maltreatment of a child. Somebody may abuse or neglect a child by inflicting harm, or by failing to act to prevent harm. Children may be abused in a family or in an institutional or community setting by those known to them or, more rarely, by others (e.g. via the internet). They may be abused by an adult or adults, or another child or children.. NEGLECT PHYSICAL ABUSE SEXUAL ABUSE EMOTIONAL ABUSE

30. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Physical Abuse Physical abuse may involve hitting, shaking, throwing, poisoning, burning or scalding, drowning, suffocating, or otherwise causing physical harm to a child. Physical harm may also be caused when a parent or carer fabricates the symptoms of, or deliberately induces, illness in a child. (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children 2015)

31. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Sexual Abuse Sexual abuse involves forcing or enticing a child or young person to take part in sexual activities, not necessarily involving a high level of violence, whether or not the child is aware of what is happening. The activities may involve physical contact, including assault by penetration (for example, rape or oral sex) or non- penetrative acts such as masturbation, kissing, rubbing and touching outside of clothing. They may also include non-contact activities, such as involving children in looking at, or in the production of, sexual images, watching sexual activities, encouraging children to behave in sexually inappropriate ways, grooming a child in preparation for abuse (including via the internet). Sexual abuse is not solely perpetrated by adult males. Women can also commit acts of sexual abuse, as can other children. (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children 2015)

32. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Neglect Neglect is the persistent failure to meet a child’s basic physical and/or psychological needs, likely to result in the serious impairment of the child’s health or development. Neglect may occur during pregnancy as a result of maternal substance abuse. Once a child is born, neglect may involve a parent or carer failing to:  provide adequate food, clothing and shelter (including exclusion from home or abandonment);  protect a child from physical and emotional harm or danger;  ensure adequate supervision (including the use of inadequate care-givers); or  ensure access to appropriate medical care or treatment. It may also include neglect of, or unresponsiveness to, a child’s basic emotional needs. (Source: Working Together to Safeguard Children 2015)

33. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Emotional Abuse Emotional abuse is the persistent emotional maltreatment of a child such as to cause severe and persistent adverse effects on the child’s emotional development. It may involve conveying to children that they are worthless or unloved, inadequate, or valued only insofar as they meet the needs of another person. It may include not giving the child opportunities to express their views, deliberately silencing them or ‘making fun’ of what they say or how they communicate. cont. ….

34. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Emotional Abuse (cont.) It may feature age or developmentally inappropriate expectations being imposed on children. These may include interactions that are beyond the child’s developmental capability, as well as overprotection and limitation of exploration and learning, or preventing the child participating in normal social interaction. It may involve seeing or hearing the ill- treatment of another. It may involve serious bullying (including cyberbullying), causing children frequently to feel frightened or in danger, or the exploitation or corruption of children. Some level of emotional abuse is involved in all types of maltreatment of a child, though it may occur alone. (Working Together to Safeguard Children 2015)

35. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Exercise: Quick fire signs and symptoms: I will name a type of abuse: –Physical –Sexual –Neglect –Emotional When I point to you, you have to think of a sign or a symptom for that type of abuse.

36. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Have you read your policy? In your establishment, the person you should talk to is: or, in their absence: (NB. Your policy should follow the London Child Protection Procedures)

37. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Everyday needs Simple support needs Child protection needs s47 Complex support needs s17 Common Assessment Framework

38. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Exercise: Take a slip of paper Read the scenario Decide where this case fits on the continuum of need

39. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Always telephone the local authority children’s social care services without delay if you suspect that a child has suffered or is at risk of suffering harm. Parents should be told of your concern and that you intend to refer (unless informing parents would place the child at risk of harm) – see London Procedures – if in doubt, seek advice. You do not need parental agreement to make a referral in respect of a child at risk of harm.

40. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Whenever you make a telephone referral, always back this up in writing (within 48 hours) using your local authority’s referral form.

41. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk If your referral is in respect of support for a Child-in Need where the threshold of significant harm has not been reached, a written referral can be submitted to the local authority children’s social care services. This is sometimes made after assessment under the Common Assessment Framework has indicated that it is required.

42. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk

43. Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk

44. Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk CAF Process Bexley Safeguarding Children Board Plan progresses, CAF closed and CAF admin notified Smart Plan agreed and next TAF meeting agreed TAF agreed with relevant agencies Assessment on child / family completed Basic details and consent sent to CAF admin Child needing multi- agency support Seek written consent from parent / young person (16+) Plan not achieved, consider referral for TF or CSC

45. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Referral to Children’s Social Care via an MULTI-AGENCY REFERRAL FORM is to be used by all agencies referring a child/children to Children’s Social Care for assessment as a child in need, including in need of protection. When completing referral form use guidelines on back page. All urgent referrals should be initiated by phone/fax and followed up in writing within 48 hours, by completion of as much of this form as possible. This form is part of a suite of forms (including Multi-Agency Referral and CAF) and can be found on the Bexley Website along with the relevant guidance here: http://www.bexley.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=12619

46. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Bexley “Front Door” & MASH The “Front Door” in Bexley is a single point of contact for all concerns about children. When a referral is received (or a concern raised by telephone etc.) the information is filtered through several professionals (Police, Education, Health, Social Care etc.) who all sit together in the Multi Agency Safeguarding Hub – which has confidential access to all databases dealing with children, families and related agencies etc.

47. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Having gathered any additional information from the MASH, the concern can be passed to the right team, or escalated to be more urgent if necessary More information on all of this is available on the Bexley Council Website

48. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Thriving Families A referral to Thriving Families can be made (on the MAR form) where a CAF has been tried but hasn’t worked out, or where a family has been working with Children’s Social Care and are “stepped down”. Thriving Families is the facility to refer families for short term, more intensive support to re-empower them to meet the children’s needs. Families are allocated a Family Key Worker who co-ordinates their support.

49. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk PREVENT All Childcare Providers have a duty under Section 26 of the Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015 to have “due regard to the need to prevent people from being drawn into terrorism”.

50. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk This means that they must be alert for signs and symptoms of young people and/or their families at risk of Radicalisation. Refer to the relevant authority if necessary. More information can be found here: www.foundationyears.org.uk/files/2015/06/prev ent-duty-departmental-advice.pdf

51. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Any Questions? Further Training – according to your job role You should keep yourself up to date Managers and Designated Persons for Safeguarding should have advanced (Group 5) level training Training about specialist subjects – e.g. neglect, working with disabled children etc.

52. www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Listening to you, working for you www.bexley.gov.uk Evaluations Impact – 3 months from now, form to say how useful at work this has been. Certificates