Support provided by Joint Research Centre (JRC)

Support provided by Joint Research Centre (JRC)
Smart grids in Europe Support provided by Joint Research Centre (JRC) STOA Workshop “Challenges arising from the large-scale deployment of Smart Grids in Europe” Marcelo MASERA Energy Security Unit Institute for Energy and Transport Joint Research Centre

The JRC - Institute for Energy and Transport
Smart Grid landscape Smart Electricity Systems at JRC-IET Smart Grid projects in Europe Costs and benefits of smart grids JRC Smart Grids Simulation Centre Networking and cooperation

The JRC inside the European Commission
Joint Research Centre The JRC inside the European Commission Commissioner Mairé Geoghegan-Quinn Research, Innovation & Science President José Manuel Barroso 27 Commission Members DG Research & Innovation (RTD) Director-General Dominique Ristori Joint Research Centre 28 March 2017

JRC - Who are we and what do we do?
The Joint Research Centre (JRC) is the European Commission’s in-house science service. It provides the science for policy decisions, with a view to ensuring that the EU achieves its Europe 2020 goals for a productive economy as well as a safe, secure and sustainable future. The JRC plays a key role in the European Research Area and reinforces its multi-disciplinarity by networking extensively with leading scientific organisations in the Member States, Associated Countries and worldwide. 28 March 2017

JRC established in 1957 Where you can find us
Corporate Services – Brussels IRMM (Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements) – Geel, Belgium ITU (Institute for Transuranium Elements) – Karlsruhe, Germany and Ispra, Italy IET (Institute for Energy and Transport) – Petten, The Netherlands and Ispra, Italy IPSC (Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen) – Ispra, Italy IES (Institute for Environment and Sustainability) – Ispra, Italy IHCP (Institute for Health and Consumer Protection) – Ispra, Italy IPTS (Institute for Prospective Technological Studies) – Seville, Spain 7 institutes in 5 countries: Italy, Belgium, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain 2,845 permanent and temporary staff in 2010 1,398 scientific publications in 2010 125 instances of support to the EU policy- maker annually Budget: €356 million annually, plus €62 million earned income 28 March 2017

JRC Institute for Energy and Transport
Ispra, Italy Petten, The Netherlands The mission of the Joint Research Centre – Institute for Energy and Transport (IET) is to provide support to Community policies and technology innovation related both: energy - to ensure sustainable, safe, secure and efficient energy production, distribution and use and transport - to foster sustainable and efficient mobility in Europe.

JRC-IET priorities ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY SUPPLY STATIONARY TRANSPORT
Deploy Clean Energy STATIONARY Modernise the Grid Increase Energy Efficiency Interoperability Deploy Alternative Fuels Electrification of Transport Increase Vehicle Efficiency TRANSPORT Techno-economic Modelling & Analysis Experimental Activities

Power system – present

Smart grid: (possible) future

Smart grid: dimensions, domains and zones
Source: EC Smart Grid Standardisation Reference Group

Smart Electricity Systems
Mission The Smart Electricity Systems team performs independent scientific research and acts as in-house scientific consultant for EU policy-making actors, with focus on the on-going transformations towards smart electricity systems

A multi-layer problem PHYSICAL CYBER ECONOMIC SOCIAL POLITICAL

DATA GATHERING & PROCESSING
The multi-layer approach of Smart Electricity Systems DATA GATHERING & PROCESSING SCIENTIFIC POLICY SUPPORT MODELLING, ANALYSES & EXPERIMENTS DISSEMINATION COOPERATION PHYSICAL CYBER ECONOMIC SOCIAL POLITICAL

Background Market Storage Prosumers Renewables EV
Rising political attention on Smart Grids as a means to achieve EU energy policy objectives. Need to unlock market investment potential. Storage Prosumers Market Renewables EV Distributed Generation Aggregators Demand Response Smart Meters 17

No inventory of Smart Grid projects in Europe available in 2011:
Background Smart Grids projects: Growing number: deployment, demonstration/pilots, R&D Participants: Grid operators, service providers, R&D actors.. Wide scope: smart meters, super grid, integrated systems.. No inventory of Smart Grid projects in Europe available in 2011: Limited sharing of project experiences and lessons learned Need to monitor the developments on the field JRC-DG ENER Reference Report “Smart Grid projects in Europe: lessons learned and current developments” 18

Uneven distribution of investments across Europe
Uneven distribution of investments across Europe. Most of investments in EU-15 Countries Over 5 billions of investments, but still at the beginning of the Smart Grid transition

Bulk of investment in a few countries
Smart grid investments Bulk of investment in a few countries

The data collection and analysis continues – contact us!
Starting date across stages of development The data collection and analysis continues – contact us! Smart Electricity Systems: Note: not all projects planned to start in 2011 answered yet to JRC survey

Share of R&D, demo and deployment projects
Deployment projects: greatest part of investment, main focus: Smart Meters roll-outs R&D and Demonstration projects: mostly small-medium scale (4.5 and 12 million € of average budget respectively), wider portfolio of technologies and applications

Budget, leading organisation and development stage
Distribution System Operators (DSOs) are the main investors M€

Funding by development stage (DSO-led projects)
Most of the DSO-led projects in RD&D are financed through public-private partnerships Funding comes mainly from EU Framework programmes (FP6 and FP7), national funds and regulatory funds Funding and incentives for RD&D are important for further progress in the development of Smart Grids 24

Smart Grids Knowledge Sharing Platform
(JRC-EURELECTRIC joint initiative) 25 25

JRC DB JRC on-line form JRC inventory of Smart Grid projects
JRC database to act as European repository of Smart Grid projects New JRC online form available: JRC on-line form JRC DB 26

Send information on NEW PROJECTS or provide UPDATES!
JRC inventory of Smart Grid projects JRC database to act as European repository of Smart Grid projects New JRC online form available: Send information on NEW PROJECTS or provide UPDATES! JRC on-line form

JRC DB Smart Grid Task Force EEGI – SETIS Other users
One repository for different users Smart Grid Task Force Projects DB Projects DB EEGI – SETIS JRC DB Projects DB Other users Visualisation platforms Projects DB

Policy context and impact
JRC Inventory and analysis of SG projects Snapshot of smart grid landscape Use of case studies Policy context and impact EC Communication “Smart Grids: from innovation to deployment” April 2011 JRC Report on CBA guidelines for Smart Metering Deployment JRC Report on CBA guidelines for Smart Grid Projects EC Recommendation on Smart Metering Deployment March 2012 EC Regulation proposal for Energy Infrastructure November 2011 EC Assessment framework for evaluation of smart grid projects (EC Task Force EG4) Selection of Smart Grid projects of common interest within the Infrastructure Package

CBA for smart meters/grids
The JRC has defined an assessment framework to provide guidance for conducting cost benefit analyses of Smart Grid projects and smart metering deployment. This work draws on the existing collaboration between the EC and the US Department of Energy (DoE) in the framework of the EU-US Energy Council Downloadable from

Guidelines for Cost Benefit Analysis of
CBA for smart meters/grids The assessment framework is based on the work performed by EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute). Several modifications to fit the European context have been proposed. A European Smart Grid project from the JRC inventory (InovGrid, led by the Portuguese distributor EDP Distribuição) has been used as a case study to fine-tune and illustrate the proposed assessment framework. Guidelines for Cost Benefit Analysis of Smart Grids projects Available soon on

Non-quantifiable impacts (Qualitative impact analysis)
General assessment framework Quantifiable impacts (Societal CBA) Non-quantifiable impacts (Qualitative impact analysis) Merit deployment of the roll-out (contribution to policy goals, e.g. security of supply, RES integration) Economic Net Present Value (ENPV) Economic internal rate of return (ERR) B/C ratio KPI analysis CBA Externalities (e.g. employment, safety, environmental impacts) Qualitative descriptions / physical units

Smart Grids Simulation Centre
JRC is permanent member of the Reference Group for smart grids standardisation: pressing need for smart grids component testing and integration evaluation JRC-US increased cooperation on e-mobility and smart grids through the interoperability centres: JRC priority 35

Smart Grids Simulation Centre Information and communication technology
Interoperability lab Petten (NL) Smart Grids Simulation Centre Ispra (IT) Electric Vehicles Ispra (IT) Integrated Testing Centre Batteries, components and new materials Information and communication technology Research will cover: Electric vehicle – performance, range, safety, energy efficiency and compatibility with smart grids Vehicle batteries – safety, durability and charging time as well as their performance under different environmental conditions cooperation between the JRC and the Argonne National Laboratories in the US will promote global standards and address the interoperability issues between electric vehicles, smart grids and recharging systems. The centres research will include: Electric vehicle performance, safety and energy efficiency Vehicle battery safety, durability and charging time as well as performance under different environmental conditions Vehicle-to-grid communication and compatibility

Smart Grids Sim. Centre Visualisation Simulation Evaluation
ENTSOE ENTSOG, GCG Other JRC-external energy models Other JRC-external economic/ environmental models Risk assessment Cost-benefit Indicators Energy networks data inventory Visualisation Simulation Power Companies - Pilot cases Offline modules Simulation GIS Real-time modules Eurostat, and others HPC Display JRC ICT network emulation Evaluation Mobile unit Real world power Installations - Pilot cases Simulator modules Power components ICT components Power modules Manufacturers

Smart Grids Simulation Centre
Real time simulator and several hardware equipment: First set bought Plans for further modules Objective Ultra-fast Dynamic simulations of power system behaviour Hardware-in-the-loop testing (electric vehicles, batteries, …) 38 38

Critical infrastructure protection
OBJECTIVE - Identification of ‘European critical infrastructure’ Critical infrastructure whose disruption or destruction might have a significant impact on at least 2 member states MAIN ASSUMPTIONS: The most critical infrastructure for a cyber-attack are the 400 kV substations A coordinated cyber-attack would aim at opening all switches at the substation(s) busbars PROBLEM - classical contingency analysis tools do not analyse: consequences of failure (disconnection of overloaded lines and transformers) possible failure propagation (cascading effect) network reaction (primary reserve, load shedding,…)

Simulation of cascading effects
Disconnection in steps of highly overloaded lines (I > 1.3 x Imax), until there is no congestion All generators contribute to load balancing (simulation of the primary reserve) No load shedding is implemented European criticality measured by lost load abroad

Networking and cooperation (selected examples)
Argonne Nat Lab: Smart Grid – Electric Vehicles interoperability Israel: smart grids/cities and e-mobility Mediterranean solar power integration (HELIOS, MEDGRID,..) US Department of Energy: smart grid assessment methodologies Universities/Research Centres: EERA, TU Delft, TU Eindhoven, RSE, PoliTO, PoliBA, … Industry: ENTSOE, EURELECTRIC, CIGRE, EDP, EDF, ENEL,… R&D projects: FP7 AFTER (power system vulnerability), IEE GridTech (transmission costs-benefits), FET SEEDS CS (agent-based models), FP7 ICT4SSG (ICT for smartgrids), NGI… La transposition complète et correcte des dispositions de la directive dans les systèmes juridiques nationaux est essentielle pour assurer le développer des SER. La soumission des rapports de progrès nationaux est prévue par la Directive ENR. Tous les rapports d’avancement nationaux reçus par la Commission à ce jour (incluant le rapport soumis par la France) sont disponibles en ligne sur le site de la DG Energie. Le rapport soumis par la France indique que la part totale des sources d’énergie renouvelables en 2010 s’élevait à 12.8%. La France suit donc la trajectoire prévue vers son objectif de 2020. Sur la base des informations fournies par les EM, la Commission rédigera un rapport d’avancement européen d’ici la fin de l’année 2012 ll appartient aux Etats Membres de décider des mécanismes de soutien aux énergies renouvelables, notamment financiers. Néanmoins, la Commission a récemment rappelé l’importance de garantir un cadre stable et sécurisé aux opérateurs économiques (cf: Communication de janvier 2011 intitulée "Energie 2020: Stratégie pour une énergie compétitive, durable et sûre« ). Dans ce contexte, la Commission maintient une surveillance des mécanismes de soutien dans l'ensemble des EM et entretient un dialogue régulier avec les EM sur ces questions. 43 43

Thank you for your attention Smart Electricity Systems
44 44

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