1. Warm-up What should happen to Germany and Japan after World War II?

2. Results of World War II: The end of one war leads to the beginning of another How the war changed the world…

3. Yalta & Potsdam Conferences l Attended by the “big three” - USA, UK, & USSR –Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin (Yalta, Feb. 1945) –Truman, Churchill and Stalin (Potsdam, July-August 1945) l Made decisions on how to deal with Germany and Japan at the end of and after WWII YALTA

4. Nuremberg War Crimes Trials l Nazi officials tried for war crimes l Created accountability for crimes against humanity l Trials were also held in Japan and Italy

5. Marshall Plan Rebuilds Europe l Plan to help rebuild Germany & the rest of Europe l The U.S. hoped that $15 billion in aid would prevent the spread of communism: CONTAINMENT

6. Emergence of Two Superpowers l Conflicting beliefs of USA and USSR: capitalism versus communism l Cold War begins

7. Division of Europe l Soviet spheres (east) versus democratic countries (west) l “Iron Curtain” divides the continent, symbolized by Berlin Wall (1960s) l NATO (west) and Warsaw Pact (east) are competing military alliances Berlin Wall

8. Nuclear Age Begins l 1st nuclear weapons used on Japan during WWII l USSR develops bomb in 1946 l Arms race continues throughout Cold War l Britain, France, China also develop bomb The two bombs dropped on Japan resulted in 110,000 instant deaths and 130,000 injuries.

9. Creation of the United Nations l First meeting in San Francisco in 1945 l 51 original members l 192 current members l Goal=solve conflicts peacefully & improve the world

10. Creation of the State of Israel l Palestine was a British mandate prior to WWII l Desire for a homeland for Jews from around the world after WWII l Sympathy due to the Holocaust l Two states created in 1948: Jewish state & Arab state l Led to continuing conflict Arab state Jewish state