1. Aldehydes and Ketones - carbonyl compounds carbonyl group - structure, bonding and physical properties

2. Review of methods of preparation of aldehydes and ketones hydration of alkynes Friedel-Crafts acylation of aromatic compounds

3. Overview of reactions of carbonyl compounds reduction to alcohols addition of organometallic reagents addition of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus nucleophiles reduction of carbonyl to methylene (Clemmensen or Wolff-Kishner)

4. Nucleophilic addition to carbonyls

6. Synthesis of Alcohols Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds

7. Synthesis of Alcohols Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds

8. H 2 /cat., NaBH 4, LiAlH 4 Synthesis of Alcohols Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds

9. lithium aluminum hydride (LAH)

13. sodium borohydride

14. Synthesis of Alcohols Using Organometallic Reagents

23. Hydration of aldehydes and ketones

24. An example

25. Addition of alcohols: hemiacetal and acetal formation

26. hemiacetal or hemiketal

27. Addition of alcohols: hemiacetal and acetal formation hemiacetalacetal

28. Mechanism of acetal formation

30. An example

31. Addition of ammonia and amines: imine and enamine formation

32. Examples

35. The Wittig Reaction

36. An example

37. The mechanism

38. Mechanism, cont.

41. Formation of cyanohydrins

42. Example

43. Reduction of carbonyls to alkanes Clemmensen reduction Wolff-Kishner reduction Desulfurization of thioketals

44. Nucleophilic Addition to a,b-Unsaturated Carbonyls

45. Strong nucleophiles add 1,2 kinetic control Weaker nucleophiles add 1,4 thermodynamic control

46. Nucleophilic Addition to a,b-Unsaturated Carbonyls