1. The Roman Way of Life Chapter 12.1

2. Tennessee SPIs
6.56 Compare/contrast the Titans with Olympian gods; explain the surrounding Greek mythology Describe the characteristics of slavery under the Roman revolt; explain the slave revolt led by Spartacus Describe the contributions of Roman civilization to law, literature, poetry, art, architecture, engineering, and technology. Include significance of Coliseum, Circus Maximus, roads, bridges, arches, arenas, baths, aqueducts, central heating, plumbing, and sanitation Explain the spread and influence of Roman alphabet and Latin language; use of Latin as language of education; role of Latin and Greek in scientific/academic vocabulary Compare/contrast Roman and Greek gods/goddesses; Jupiter, Venus, Mars, Neptune, Saturn, Pluto, Hera and their inclusion in modern society.

3. Rome – The Empire’s Chief City
Largest city in the ancient world
By 1AD more than 1 million people
Emperor lived there
Carefully planned, laid out in a square
Forum; open market place & public square

4. Map of Ancient Rome

5. How Romans Lived Emperor – lived in a palace
Wealthy – lived in big houses in the hills; marbled walls, tiled floors, running water
Most Romans were poor – no jobs, unskilled laborers, lived in crowded, dirty, noisy neighborhoods

6. “Bread and Circuses”
Offered by political leaders to gain support of the poor
Circus Maximus – arena seating 150,000 people; chariot races held

7. Circus Maximus

8. Gladiators

9. Gladiators Fight each other to the death Battle with wild animals
Performed at the Coliseum
Most were slaves, criminals, prisoners of war, or poor
Were admired for their skill and bravery

10. Roman Family Heart of society
Father had power to sell children into slavery, or put to death
Later times: wives gained legal rights, Romans had more divorces/re-marrying
Upper Class – Tutored at home; older boys went away to school
Poorer Romans – could not afford school

11. Roman Kids Boys - became adults at age 15
worked for family business, joined army, worked in government
Girls –
married around age 14
considered adults when married

12. Roman Women not full citizens, had few rights (early Rome)
strong family influence
during Empire women had more rights
freedoms depended on husband’s wealth
those with less money had fewer freedoms

13. Rome & Slavery part of Roman life; slave labor grew as territory grew
conquered people taken prisoner, brought to Rome, sold as slaves
by 100 BC, 40% of people in Italy were slaves

14. Slaves worked in homes, on farms, mined, construction work
Greek slaves were educated; worked as doctors, teachers, artisans
life was miserable, worked long hours, punished severely
often rebelled

15. Spartacus Gladiator; led slave rebellion force of 70,000
was defeated by Roman Army
killed in battle; 60,000 followers were crucified

16. Spartacus

17. Religion Gods protected the Empire
Greek gods/goddesses give Roman names
Homes had altars
Temples open to all public

18. Philosophy adopted from Greeks
stoicism: learning to live in a practical way
Romans allowed religious practices if they did not threaten the government

19. Science and Art Romans influenced by the Greeks
copied Greeks, but adapted to Roman needs

20. Science Galen (Greek) – introduced medical ideas to Rome
anatomy: study of body structure
Ptolemy; studied/mapped stars & planets motion
Romans built roads, aqueducts, arches
Roman numeral system still used today

21. Roman Numerals

22. Art & Architecture Roman statues were realistic
arches used to create vaults (curved ceilings)
mastered use of concrete
Coliseum & Pantheon are some of most famous architecture

23. Coliseum

24. Literature Roman writers created their own style
honored gods, also made comedies about them
praised military successes, also acknowledged failures

25. Virgil Horace Livy & Tacitus
wrote the “Aeneid”, story of the founding of Rome
Horace
wrote satires and odes
Livy & Tacitus
wrote about Roman history

26. Theater & Language attending plays was a favorite pastime
plays were part of religious celebrations/national festivals

27. Latin Language of Romans
Europe’s language of government, trade, and learning
basis of modern languages: Italian, French, and Spanish
some of our English words come from Latin