2. © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies

3. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. We will learn how to integrate multimedia into PowerPoint slideshows and Web sites.

4. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. What is multimedia???

5. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “Multimedia is any combination of MULTIMEDIA (Vaughan, 2008)

6. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “Multimedia is any combination of text MULTIMEDIA (Vaughan, 2008)

7. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “Multimedia is any combination of text, art MULTIMEDIA (Vaughan, 2008) I prefer the term graphics which we will use. I prefer the term graphics which we will use.

8. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics MULTIMEDIA (Vaughan, 2008)

9. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, sound (Vaughan, 2008) EDC 601 Instructional Technologies MULTIMEDIA

10. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, sound, animation MULTIMEDIA (Vaughan, 2008)

11. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, sound, animation, and video MULTIMEDIA (Vaughan, 2008)

12. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, sound, animation, and video delivered to you by computer or other electronic or digitally manipulated means.” MULTIMEDIA (Vaughan, 2008)

13. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “A computer product composed of two or more media (sound, video, graphics, animation, text, and so on) with which the user can interact.” MULTIMEDIA (Walsh, 1995)

14. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. “ “The ability to navigate the contents of a multi-media product, giving you some degree of control over it. With an interactive product, you are in control, telling the product where you want to be, what you want to see, and how you want to experience it. INTERACTIVITY If it’s not inter- active, it’s not true multimedia by today’s standards” (Walsh, 1995)

15. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Walsh classifies the interactivity of multimedia into four levels:

16. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.  Informational/Reference Navigation (Lowest Degree) Highest Degree Lowest Degree Early Multimedia Encyclopedias such as Compton’s (categorized by keyword searches or by the use of buttons) Early Multimedia Encyclopedias such as Compton’s (categorized by keyword searches or by the use of buttons) Degrees of Multimedia

17. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.  Hypertext (Standard Degree) A system that links words and phrases together so that you can navigate textual information in a free-form fashion that is faster and more accurate than other methods of searching for information. A system that links words and phrases together so that you can navigate textual information in a free-form fashion that is faster and more accurate than other methods of searching for information. Some of the newer help systems such as the one with Office Some of the newer help systems such as the one with Office Highest Degree Lowest Degree Degrees of Multimedia

18. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.  Hypermedia (Advanced Degree) A system that uses the same principles found with hypertext. Photographs, video, sound, and text can be linked to one another to form a system of interconnected media. A system that uses the same principles found with hypertext. Photographs, video, sound, and text can be linked to one another to form a system of interconnected media. Newer Multimedia Encyclopedias such as Encarta or well designed Web sites Newer Multimedia Encyclopedias such as Encarta or well designed Web sites Highest Degree Lowest Degree Degrees of Multimedia

19. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.  Immersion/Virtual Reality (Highest Degree) The ability to move about and control a multimedia experience from your own perspective and as a full participant rather than a passive viewer. VR is the most advanced multimedia available and requires more than just a hefty computer system. Specialized hardware, such as video goggles and data gloves, may be required to get the full effect of some VR products. VR Example 1 VR Example 2VR Example 1VR Example 2 The ability to move about and control a multimedia experience from your own perspective and as a full participant rather than a passive viewer. VR is the most advanced multimedia available and requires more than just a hefty computer system. Specialized hardware, such as video goggles and data gloves, may be required to get the full effect of some VR products. VR Example 1 VR Example 2VR Example 1VR Example 2 Highest Degree Lowest Degree Degrees of Multimedia

20. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Walsh’s definition of multimedia includes interactivity, but as we saw with Vaughan, not all definitions have this requirement. Since we are using PowerPoint for this course, we will ignore the interactivity requirement.

21. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Assignment You are to find an alternate definition of multimedia, and e-mail the definition and the URL where you found this definition to me.

22. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Multimedia Hardware, Software, and Peopleware

23. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Hardware

24. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.

25. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Capacities Magnetic floppy disk 90k – 1.44meg hard disk 5meg – ??tera Flash flash drives/memory cards16k – 4 + gig Optical CD-ROM 650meg – 700meg DVD 4.7gig – 50gig. Multimedia was not practical until the advent of large capability storage devices.

26. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. CD/DVD-ROM

27. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Magnified x 2,500

28. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. One of the keys to DVD is that it can write data much more densely than standard CD-ROM techniques. The spacing between tracks, pits, and lands is much smaller. The laser wavelength is much shorter. The original CD/DVDs used a red laser, and the new DVD technology uses a blue one. Blue light has a shorter wave length, so the pits, lands, and tracks are even smaller. A HD DVD disc can store up to 30 GB and a Blu-ray one can store up to 50 GB!

29. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. 100 million listing on one disc!!!

30. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Software

31. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. What's a meta for?

32. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Card- or Page-based Icon- or Object-based Time-based Presentation Authoring Tool Metaphors “Utility” multimedia software will be discussed later.

33. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Card- or page-based Authorware (PC & Mac player) (desktop & Web) www.adobe.com/products/authorwarewww.adobe.com/products/authorware Quest (PC) (desktop & Web) www.allencomm.com/ELearning_Tools/Quest/Quest.aspxwww.allencomm.com/ELearning_Tools/Quest/Quest.aspx Icon- or Object-based HyperStudio ( PC & Mac) (desktop & web) www.hyperstudio.comwww.hyperstudio.com ToolBook “Family ”(PC) (desktop & Web) www.toolbook.com/index.php www.toolbook.com/index.php

34. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Director (PC & Mac) (desktop & Web) www.adobe.com/products/directorwww.adobe.com/products/director Flash (PC & Mac) (desktop & Web) www.adobe.com/products/flash/flashprowww.adobe.com/products/flash/flashpro Time-based PowerPoint (PC & Mac) (desktop & Web) office.microsoft.com/en-us/powerpoint/ FX100487761033.aspxoffice.microsoft.com/en-us/powerpoint/FX100487761033.aspx Presentation

35. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.

36. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Fenrich (1997) classifies authoring tools as: Authoring SystemsAuthoring Systems Object-based SystemsObject-based Systems Authoring LanguagesAuthoring Languages Programming LanguagesProgramming Languages Other Classifications And there are still other criteria that can be used to classify authoring tools.

37. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Peopleware

38. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. As this course progresses, we will see that a good commercial interactive multimedia package is the product of a team of skilled individuals some of whom are: Project Manager Instructional Designer Subject Matter Experts Media Producers –Video –Audio Graphic Artists Editors Programmers Reviewers Pilot Subjects

39. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Villamil-Casanova and Molina (1996) identify the team members as:

40. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Producer Programmer Script Writer Content Specialist Multimedia Architect Instructional Designer Computer Graphic Artist Audio and Video Specialists

41. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Executive Producer Producer/Project Manager Creative Director/MM Designer Art Director/Visual Designer Artist Interface Designer Subject Matter Experts Instructional Designer Script writer Animator (2-D/3-D) Sound Producer Reviewers Music Composer Video Producer Multimedia Programmer HTML Coder Lawyer/Media Acquisition Marketing Director W. Baker in Vaughan (2008) identifies the team members as:

42. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. Before we begin our exploration of multimedia, let me show you a Toolbook project in which I was involved for three years...

43. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. and a Director project

44. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. and a PowerPoint project

45. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies © Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D. and a Web-based project