1. Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Vacuole Lysosome Centriole
Vocabulary – Pages
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Vacuole
Lysosome
Centriole

2. Prokaryotic Cell With out a nucleus
Section 1
Cellular Structure and Function
Prokaryotic Cell
With out a nucleus
Do not contain membrane-bound organelles
Steven P. Lynch

3. Prokaryotic cells includes all bacteria
Section 1
Cellular Structure and Function
Prokaryotic Cell
Prokaryotic cells includes all bacteria
Prokaryotes contain only the following structures:
Cell wall (peptidoglycan)
Plasma membrane
Genetic material as a single circular molecule of DNA
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Plasmid (Small circular piece of DNA that only some bacteria possess)

4. Prokaryotic Cell Cell Discovery and Theory
Section 1
Cellular Structure and Function
Cell Discovery and Theory
Prokaryotic Cell

5. More complex structure than prokaryotes
Section 1
Cellular Structure and Function
Eukaryotic Cell
More complex structure than prokaryotes
In addition to the prokaryotic structures, eukaryotes also have membrane bound organelles, including a nucleus

6. Section 1
Cellular Structure and Function

7. Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Section 1
Cellular Structure and Function
Cell Discovery and Theory
Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
The

8. Section 1
Cellular Structure and Function
Plasma Membrane
Thin, flexible boundary between the cell and its environment
Allows nutrients into the cell
Allows waste to leave the cell
Selective permeability, phospholipid bilayer, fluid mosaic model

9. Plant and Animal Cell Structures
Section 3
Cellular Structure and Function
Plant and Animal Cell Structures
Organelles are bodies within the cytoplasm that serve to physically separate the various metabolic reactions that occur within the cells
Organelles are specialized structures that carry out specific cell function
Nucleus Mitochondria
Ribosomes Chloroplasts
Endoplasmic reticulum Cytoskeleton
Golgi Apparatus Flagella & Cilia
Lysosomes Centrioles
Peroxisomes Vacuoles & Vesicles

10. Structures and Organelles
Section 3
Cellular Structure and Function
Structures and Organelles

11. Structures and Organelles
Section 3
Cellular Structure and Function
Structures and Organelles

12. Cytoplasm Semifluid material makes up the inside of a cell
Environment within the plasma membrane that contains the cells organelles

13. Cytoskeleton Framework for the cell within the cytoplasm
Involved in establishing the shape of the cell and coordinating movements
Microtubles and microfilaments – supporting network of long protein fibers
Provides an anchor for the organelles
Cells

14. Cytoskeleton
Cells

15. Nucleus Control center of the cell, the brain of the cell
Contains coded directions, DNA, the heredity information of the cell
Surrounded by a double
membrane nuclear
envelope
Chromatin is spread
throughout the nucleus
Cells

16. Cells

17. Nucleolus
Within the nucleus
Site of ribosome production

18. Ribosomes Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis
Ribosomes are manufactured in the nucleus and consist of ribosomal RNA and protein
Not bound by a membrane
Cells

20. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Stacks of flattened sacs of highly folded membrane
ER is connected to the nucleus
Cells

21. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Contains ribosomes
Aids in protein synthesis
No ribosomes
Synthesis of carbs and lipids
Cells

22. Cells

23. Golgi Apparatus Flattened stack of tubular membranes
Modifies proteins and packages them for distribution outside the cell
Think of it as Fed Ex –package and ship
Cells

25. Vacuoles Fluid-filled membrane sac
Used to store food, waste products, enzymes, and other materials

27. Vacuoles
-Central vacuoles are large bodies that store water and occupies most of the interior of plant cells
-If the central vacuole runs low on water, the plant will begin to wilt
-The central vacuole in plants stores starch, pigments, and toxic substances
Cells

28. Lysosomes
Vesicles from the Golgi apparatus that contain digestive enzymes
The cell’s stomach
Breakdown excess or
worn-out cellular substances
Digests waste, food, cellular
debris, and foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses

29. Lysosomes
Cells

30. Centrioles Made up of groups of microtubules
Play a role in cell division, occur in pairs

31. Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell
Large surface area: outer and highly folded inner membrane
Breaks bonds in
sugar molecules to
provide energy for
the cell

32. Mitochondria

33. Chloroplasts Specialized organelles found in plant cells
Carry out photosynthesis, the process of capturing energy from sunlight and converting it into useable energy
Thylakoid compartments containing chlorophyll

34. Chloroplasts
Cells

35. Cell Wall Inflexible barrier that provides support and protection
Thick, rigid mesh of cellulose fibers
Cell wall

36. Cilia Short, numerous, hair like projections from cell surface
Aids in locomotion and feeding
Also used to sweep substances
along surfaces

37. Flagella Longer and less numerous than cilia
Section 3
Cellular Structure and Function
Flagella
Longer and less numerous than cilia
Create movement with a whiplike motion
Aids in locomotion and feeding
Typically on or two present
Flagella

38. Table 7.1 Summary of Cell Structure
Section 3
Cellular Structure and Function
Table 7.1 Summary of Cell Structure
Table 7.2 Summary of Cell Structure
Table 7.3 Summary of Cell Structure

39. Plant and Animal Cell Structures
Section 3
Cellular Structure and Function
Structures and Organelles
Plant and Animal Cell Structures

40. Structures only found in Plant Cells
Cell Wall
Chloroplasts
Central Vacuole